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Plutonium Bismuth Comparison

Plutonium
Bismuth
Bismuth Plutonium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pu  
Bi  
Group Number
0  
18
15  
3
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
f block  
p block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440075  
99+
7440699  
22
Space Group Name
P121/m1  
C12/m1  
Space Group Number
11.00  
16
12.00  
15
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
  • Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
  
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan  
Claude François Geoffroy  
Discovery
In Between 1940 1941  
In 1753  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
21
0.00 %  
14
Abundance In Meteorites
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
  • It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
  
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry  
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3  
20
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.20 p.p.m.  
27
Physical
Melting Point
639.50 °C  
99+
271.30 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
3,235.00 °C  
25
1,560.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silver  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
4.00  
11
2.25  
16
Brinell Hardness
627.00 MPa  
22
70.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
617.00 MPa  
26
30.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
1,790.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.90  
18
2.50  
5
Reflectivity
68.00 %  
15
70.00 %  
13
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Pu  
Bi  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20  
19
33  
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.28  
34
2.02  
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.28  
26
2.34  
3
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22  
27
1.67  
7
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
2.15  
8
Allen Electronegativity
1.28  
99+
2.01  
5
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.72  
21
1.98  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
35
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,610.00 kJ/mol  
34
3rd Energy Level
2,084.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,466.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,338.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,370.00 kJ/mol  
38
5th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,520.00 kJ/mol  
29
7th Energy level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
37
9th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
34
10th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
38
11th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
36
12th Energy Level
58,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
32
14th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
39
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
22
15th Energy Level
58,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,300.00 kJ/mol  
28
16th Energy Level
58,400.00 kJ/mol  
40
70,300.00 kJ/mol  
23
17th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
34
19th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
40
20th Energy Level
584.00 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
34
21st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
12
22nd Energy Level
584.00 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
28
23rd Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
10
24th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
27
25th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
29
26th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
28
27th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
29
28th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
34
29th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
35
30th Energy Level
584.00 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
29
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.28 g/amp-hr  
26
2.60 g/amp-hr  
23
Electron Work Function
3.88 eV  
38
4.22 eV  
29
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
94  
24
83  
33
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f6 7s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3  
Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)  
Rhombohedral (RHO)  
Crystal Lattice
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100  
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
94  
24
83  
33
Number of Neutrons
150  
12
126  
19
Number of Electrons
94  
24
83  
33
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
159.00 pm  
30
156.00 pm  
31
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm  
20
148.00 pm  
38
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
207.00 pm  
33
Atomic Weight
244.00 amu  
19
208.98 amu  
29
Atomic Volume
12.32 cm3/mol  
99+
21.30 cm3/mol  
23
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Neptunium
  
Lead
  
Next Element
Americium
  
Polonium
  
Valence Electron Potential
64.90 (-eV)  
21
41.90 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
618.30 pm  
4
667.40 pm  
2
Lattice Angles
-  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.74  
6
1.86  
4
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.82 g/cm3  
13
9.78 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.63 g/cm3  
18
10.05 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
40.00 MPa  
99+
32.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
29
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
28
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
2.20 (Pa)  
12
0.00 (Pa)  
24
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa  
18
12.00 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa  
16
31.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
96.00 GPa  
23
32.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.21  
33
0.33  
11
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.84  
16
9.79  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
20
Susceptibility
0.00  
21
0.00  
36
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
Semiconductor  
Resistivity
1.46 nΩ·m  
99+
1.29 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.60 kJ/mol  
99+
91.20 kJ/mol  
13
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
35.50 J/mol·K  
4
25.52 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
6.74 W/m·K  
99+
7.97 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
913.00 K  
99+
544.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
46.70 µm/(m·K)  
6
13.40 µm/(m·K)  
34
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
344.00 kJ/mol  
36
151.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.82 kJ/mol  
99+
10.90 kJ/mol  
39
Enthalpy of Atomization
360.00 kJ/mol  
35
207.10 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
37.10 J/mol.K  
99+
56.70 J/mol.K  
32
Summary >>
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Actinide Series

Actinide Series

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