Plutonium Promethium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pu
Pm
Group Number
0
18
Not Available
Period Number
7
6
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Actinide
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7440075
99+
7440122
99+
Space Group Name
P121/m1
Not Available
Space Group Number
11.00
13
Not Available
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
- Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
- Promethium metal found in Pitchblende.
- Promethium metal is highly radioactive metal.
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan
Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe
Discovery
In Between 1940 1941
In 1942
Abundance
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
- It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
- It is used for research purpose. Very small amount of this metal is used in atomic batteries.
- Its radioactive decay is used for a phosphor to give off light. The light emitted is converted into electricity.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
NA
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
639.50 °C
99+
1,042.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,235.00 °C
24
3,000.00 °C
31
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Unknown
Luster
NA
Metallic
Hardness
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s
99+
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pu
Pm
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
20
19
27
12
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.28
33
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22
26
1.07
32
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.72
21
Not Available
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol
99+
540.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,050.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,084.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,150.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
3,338.00 kJ/mol
99+
3,970.00 kJ/mol
38
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.28 g/amp-hr
22
1.80 g/amp-hr
36
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
94
24
61
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f6 7s2
[Xe] 4f5 6s2
Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Promethium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
94
24
61
99+
Number of Neutrons
150
11
84
40
Number of Electrons
94
24
61
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
159.00 pm
28
183.00 pm
10
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm
20
199.00 pm
12
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
236.00 pm
16
Atomic Weight
244.00 amu
19
145.00 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
12.32 cm3/mol
99+
22.39 cm3/mol
12
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
64.90 (-eV)
21
44.10 (-eV)
39
Lattice Constant
618.30 pm
4
Not Available
Lattice Angles
NA
Unknown
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
19.82 g/cm3
13
7.26 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.63 g/cm3
8
Not Available
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
26
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
2.20 (Pa)
12
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa
18
18.00 GPa
36
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
33.00 GPa
36
Young's Modulus
96.00 GPa
21
46.00 GPa
38
Poisson Ratio
0.21
32
0.28
17
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
19.84
7
7.26
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
1.46 nΩ·m
99+
0.75 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Not Available
Electron Affinity
Not Available
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.18 J/(kg K)
33
Molar Heat Capacity
35.50 J/mol·K
3
Not Available
Thermal Conductivity
6.74 W/m·K
99+
17.90 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
46.70 µm/(m·K)
6
9.00 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
344.00 kJ/mol
25
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.82 kJ/mol
99+
7.50 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
360.00 kJ/mol
26
310.00 kJ/mol
34
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
Not Available
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