Plutonium Terbium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pu
Tb
Group Number
0
18
Not Available
Period Number
7
6
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Actinide
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7440075
99+
7440279
99+
Space Group Name
P121/m1
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
11.00
13
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
- Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
- At times Terbium metal acts same as Calcium.
- Terbium metal closely similar to Lanthanum metal.
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals
Found in Minerals, Found with Other Rare Earth Metals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Discovery
In Between 1940 1941
In 1842
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
5 * 10-8 %
27
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.00000001 %
29
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
0.00 %
40
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
- It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
- Terbium salts are used in optical devices like laser devices.
- Terbium’s alloy lengthens and shortens the magnetic field and this effect forms loudspeaker.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Low Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
Not Available
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
639.50 °C
99+
1,356.00 °C
33
Boiling Point
3,235.00 °C
24
3,123.00 °C
29
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
NA
Metallic
Hardness
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
677.00 MPa
17
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
863.00 MPa
13
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s
99+
2,620.00 m/s
35
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pu
Tb
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
20
19
26
13
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.28
33
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22
26
1.10
30
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.72
21
Not Available
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol
99+
603.40 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,174.80 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,084.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,417.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
3,338.00 kJ/mol
99+
4,203.00 kJ/mol
31
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.28 g/amp-hr
22
1.98 g/amp-hr
31
Electron Work Function
Not Available
3.00 eV
36
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
94
24
65
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f6 7s2
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Terbium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
94
24
65
99+
Number of Neutrons
150
11
94
36
Number of Electrons
94
24
65
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
159.00 pm
28
177.00 pm
17
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm
20
194.00 pm
16
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
221.00 pm
22
Atomic Weight
244.00 amu
19
158.93 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
12.32 cm3/mol
99+
19.20 cm3/mol
22
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
64.90 (-eV)
21
46.80 (-eV)
33
Lattice Constant
618.30 pm
4
360.10 pm
36
Lattice Angles
NA
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
1.58
13
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
19.82 g/cm3
13
8.23 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.63 g/cm3
8
7.65 g/cm3
30
Tensile Strength
Not Available
60.00 MPa
17
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
26
0.00 (Pa)
29
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
2.20 (Pa)
12
12.50 (Pa)
8
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa
18
22.10 GPa
32
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
38.70 GPa
33
Young's Modulus
96.00 GPa
21
55.70 GPa
34
Poisson Ratio
0.21
32
0.26
21
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
19.84
7
8.23
39
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
1.46 nΩ·m
99+
1.15 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.18 J/(kg K)
33
Molar Heat Capacity
35.50 J/mol·K
3
28.91 J/mol·K
9
Thermal Conductivity
6.74 W/m·K
99+
11.10 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
46.70 µm/(m·K)
6
10.30 µm/(m·K)
38
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
344.00 kJ/mol
25
330.90 kJ/mol
26
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.82 kJ/mol
99+
10.80 kJ/mol
34
Enthalpy of Atomization
360.00 kJ/mol
26
314.00 kJ/mol
33
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
73.20 J/mol.K
10
|
||
|
||
|
