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Terbium vs Neptunium

Terbium
Neptunium
Neptunium vs Terbium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Tb  
Np  
Group Number
Not Available  
Not Available  
Period Number
6  
7  
Block
f block  
f block  
Element Family
Lanthanide  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7440279  
99+
7439998  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Pnma  
Space Group Number
194.00  
5
62.00  
11
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • At times Terbium metal acts same as Calcium.
  • Terbium metal closely similar to Lanthanum metal.
  
Not Available  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Found with Other Rare Earth Metals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons, Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander  
Edwin McMillan and Philip H. Abelson  
Discovery
In 1842  
In 1940  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-8 %  
27
Not Available  
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %  
29
~-9999 %  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
Not Available  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
40
Not Available  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
Not Available  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Terbium salts are used in optical devices like laser devices.
  • Terbium’s alloy lengthens and shortens the magnetic field and this effect forms loudspeaker.
  
  • Currently known uses of Neptunium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  • Neptunium’s isotope neptunium-237 is used as a neutron detectors.
  
Industrial Uses
Electronic Industry  
NA  
Medical Uses
NA  
NA  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
Not Available  
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
Not Available  
0.00 p.p.m.  
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,356.00 °C  
33
640.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
3,123.00 °C  
29
3,902.00 °C  
13
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silver  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Brinell Hardness
677.00 MPa  
17
Not Available  
Vickers Hardness
863.00 MPa  
13
Not Available  
Speed of Sound
2,620.00 m/s  
35
Not Available  
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Tb  
Np  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
26  
13
20  
19
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available  
1.36  
29
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.10  
30
1.22  
26
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available  
2.64  
25
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol  
99+
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,174.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,128.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,417.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,997.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
4,203.00 kJ/mol  
31
3,242.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.98 g/amp-hr  
31
1.77 g/amp-hr  
39
Electron Work Function
3.00 eV  
36
Not Available  
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
65  
99+
93  
25
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f9 6s2  
[Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Orthorhombic (ORTH)  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Terbium.jpg#100  
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Neptunium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
65  
99+
93  
25
Number of Neutrons
94  
36
144  
14
Number of Electrons
65  
99+
93  
25
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
177.00 pm  
17
155.00 pm  
30
Covalent Radius
194.00 pm  
16
190.00 pm  
18
Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm  
22
221.00 pm  
22
Atomic Weight
158.93 amu  
99+
237.00 amu  
22
Atomic Volume
19.20 cm3/mol  
22
11.62 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Gadolinium
  
Uranium
  
Next Element
Dysprosium
  
Plutonium
  
Valence Electron Potential
46.80 (-eV)  
33
96.00 (-eV)  
9
Lattice Constant
360.10 pm  
36
666.30 pm  
3
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
13
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
8.23 g/cm3  
99+
19.38 g/cm3  
14
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.65 g/cm3  
30
Not Available  
Tensile Strength
60.00 MPa  
17
125.00 MPa  
14
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
29
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
12.50 (Pa)  
8
0.11 (Pa)  
17
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
22.10 GPa  
32
Not Available  
Bulk Modulus
38.70 GPa  
33
Not Available  
Young's Modulus
55.70 GPa  
34
Not Available  
Poisson Ratio
0.26  
21
Not Available  
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
8.23  
39
20.25  
6
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
1.15 nΩ·m  
99+
1.22 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
21
Not Available  
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)  
33
0.12 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
28.91 J/mol·K  
9
29.46 J/mol·K  
8
Thermal Conductivity
11.10 W/m·K  
99+
6.30 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
10.30 µm/(m·K)  
38
Not Available  
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
330.90 kJ/mol  
26
Not Available  
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.80 kJ/mol  
34
3.20 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
314.00 kJ/mol  
33
Not Available  
Standard Molar Entropy
73.20 J/mol.K  
10
Not Available  
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