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Plutonium vs Mercury

Plutonium
Mercury
Mercury vs Plutonium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pu   
Hg   
Group Number
0   
18
12   
6
Period Number
7   
6   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440075   
99+
7439976   
99+
Space Group Name
P121/m1   
R_ 3m   
Space Group Number
11.00   
13
166.00   
6
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
  • Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
  
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals   
Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan   
Ancient Chinese and Indians   
Discovery
In Between 1940 1941   
Before 2000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.05 %   
9
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
  • It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
  
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
23
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
0.45 p.p.m.   
19
Physical Properties
Melting Point
639.50 °C   
99+
Not Available   
Boiling Point
3,235.00 °C   
24
356.58 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Liquid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silver   
Luster
NA   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s   
99+
1,451.40 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
1.00   
3
Reflectivity
Not Available   
73.00 %   
8
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pu   
Hg   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20   
19
34   
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.28   
33
2.00   
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22   
26
1.44   
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.81   
9
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.44   
30
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.72   
21
2.00   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol   
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol   
4
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,810.00 kJ/mol   
20
3rd Energy Level
2,084.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,300.00 kJ/mol   
20
4th Energy Level
3,338.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.28 g/amp-hr   
22
3.74 g/amp-hr   
10
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.49 eV   
15
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
94   
24
80   
36
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f6 7s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)   
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Crystal Lattice
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100   
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
94   
24
80   
36
Number of Neutrons
150   
11
121   
22
Number of Electrons
94   
24
80   
36
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
159.00 pm   
28
151.00 pm   
32
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm   
20
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
155.00 pm   
99+
Atomic Weight
244.00 amu   
19
200.59 amu   
32
Atomic Volume
12.32 cm3/mol   
99+
14.82 cm3/mol   
35
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Neptunium
  
Gold
  
Next Element
Americium
  
Thallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
64.90 (-eV)   
21
28.20 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
618.30 pm   
4
300.50 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
NA   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.82 g/cm3   
13
13.53 g/cm3   
24
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.63 g/cm3   
8
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
0.00   
1
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
26
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
2.20 (Pa)   
12
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa   
18
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
96.00 GPa   
21
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.21   
32
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.84   
7
13.53   
16
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
1.46 nΩ·m   
99+
961.00 nΩ·m   
1
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.14 J/(kg K)   
38
Molar Heat Capacity
35.50 J/mol·K   
3
27.98 J/mol·K   
13
Thermal Conductivity
6.74 W/m·K   
99+
8.30 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
1,750.00 K   
6
Thermal Expansion
46.70 µm/(m·K)   
6
60.40 µm/(m·K)   
5
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
344.00 kJ/mol   
25
56.90 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.82 kJ/mol   
99+
2.29 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
360.00 kJ/mol   
26
61.50 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
75.80 J/mol.K   
6
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