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Plutonium vs Platinum

Plutonium
Platinum
Platinum vs Plutonium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pu  
Pt  
Group Number
0  
18
10  
8
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440075  
99+
7440064  
99+
Space Group Name
P121/m1  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
11.00  
16
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
  • Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
  
  • Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
  • Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals  
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan  
Antonio de Ulloa  
Discovery
In Between 1940 1941  
In 1735  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
20
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
21
0.00 %  
19
Abundance In Meteorites
-  
0.00 %  
25
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
  • It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
  
  • Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
  • Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
639.50 °C  
99+
1,772.00 °C  
16
Boiling Point
3,235.00 °C  
25
3,827.00 °C  
15
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery White  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
4.00  
11
3.50  
12
Brinell Hardness
627.00 MPa  
22
300.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
617.00 MPa  
26
400.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
2,800.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.90  
18
2.41  
6
Reflectivity
68.00 %  
15
73.00 %  
10
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Pu  
Pt  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20  
19
35  
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.28  
34
2.28  
4
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.28  
26
2.28  
5
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22  
27
1.44  
18
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
2.20  
6
Allen Electronegativity
1.28  
99+
1.72  
19
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.72  
21
1.72  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,791.00 kJ/mol  
22
3rd Energy Level
2,084.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,277.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,338.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,702.00 kJ/mol  
6
5th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,702.00 kJ/mol  
9
6th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
27
7th Energy level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
23
8th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
23
9th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,660.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
11th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
12th Energy Level
58,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
14th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
39
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
58,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
87,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
16th Energy Level
58,400.00 kJ/mol  
40
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
870.00 kJ/mol  
27
18th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
19th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
870.00 kJ/mol  
25
20th Energy Level
584.00 kJ/mol  
99+
870.00 kJ/mol  
15
21st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
870.00 kJ/mol  
38
22nd Energy Level
584.00 kJ/mol  
99+
870.00 kJ/mol  
13
23rd Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
870.10 kJ/mol  
39
24th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
870.00 kJ/mol  
9
25th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
26th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
27th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
870.10 kJ/mol  
6
28th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
870.10 kJ/mol  
9
29th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
30th Energy Level
584.00 kJ/mol  
99+
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.28 g/amp-hr  
26
1.82 g/amp-hr  
39
Electron Work Function
3.88 eV  
38
5.65 eV  
4
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization  
Atomic
Atomic Number
94  
24
78  
38
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f6 7s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1  
Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
94  
24
78  
38
Number of Neutrons
150  
12
117  
25
Number of Electrons
94  
24
78  
38
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
159.00 pm  
30
139.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm  
20
136.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
175.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
244.00 amu  
19
47.87 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
12.32 cm3/mol  
99+
9.09 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Neptunium
  
Iridium
  
Next Element
Americium
  
Gold
  
Valence Electron Potential
64.90 (-eV)  
21
392.42 (-eV)  
1
Lattice Constant
618.30 pm  
4
392.42 pm  
27
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.74  
6
1.56  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.82 g/cm3  
13
21.45 g/cm3  
11
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.63 g/cm3  
18
19.77 g/cm3  
12
Tensile Strength
40.00 MPa  
99+
125.00 MPa  
26
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
16
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
28
0.00 (Pa)  
16
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
2.20 (Pa)  
12
0.07 (Pa)  
18
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa  
18
61.00 GPa  
14
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa  
16
230.00 GPa  
6
Young's Modulus
96.00 GPa  
23
168.00 GPa  
15
Poisson Ratio
0.21  
33
0.38  
6
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.84  
16
21.45  
13
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
14
Susceptibility
0.00  
21
0.00  
20
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
1.46 nΩ·m  
99+
105.00 nΩ·m  
30
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.10 106/cm Ω  
26
Electron Affinity
0.60 kJ/mol  
99+
205.30 kJ/mol  
2
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
35.50 J/mol·K  
4
25.86 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
6.74 W/m·K  
99+
71.60 W/m·K  
24
Critical Temperature
913.00 K  
99+
2,041.00 K  
19
Thermal Expansion
46.70 µm/(m·K)  
6
8.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
344.00 kJ/mol  
36
510.50 kJ/mol  
15
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.82 kJ/mol  
99+
19.70 kJ/mol  
12
Enthalpy of Atomization
360.00 kJ/mol  
35
565.00 kJ/mol  
15
Standard Molar Entropy
37.10 J/mol.K  
99+
41.60 J/mol.K  
99+
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