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Plutonium vs Platinum

Plutonium
Platinum
Platinum vs Plutonium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pu   
Pt   
Group Number
0   
18
10   
8
Period Number
7   
6   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440075   
99+
7440064   
99+
Space Group Name
P121/m1   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
11.00   
13
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
  • Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
  
  • Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
  • Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals   
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan   
Antonio de Ulloa   
Discovery
In Between 1940 1941   
In 1735   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
5 * 10-7 %   
19
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0000009 %   
19
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
25
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
  • It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
  
  • Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
  • Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
Not Available   
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Not Available   
Physical Properties
Melting Point
639.50 °C   
99+
1,772.00 °C   
16
Boiling Point
3,235.00 °C   
24
3,827.00 °C   
15
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silvery White   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
3.50   
11
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
300.00 MPa   
34
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
400.00 MPa   
25
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s   
99+
2,800.00 m/s   
29
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
73.00 %   
8
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pu   
Pt   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20   
19
35   
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.28   
33
2.28   
3
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22   
26
1.44   
17
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.72   
16
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.72   
21
1.72   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol   
99+
870.00 kJ/mol   
10
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,791.00 kJ/mol   
21
3rd Energy Level
2,084.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
4th Energy Level
3,338.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.28 g/amp-hr   
22
1.82 g/amp-hr   
35
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
5.65 eV   
1
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
94   
24
78   
38
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f6 7s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1   
Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
94   
24
78   
38
Number of Neutrons
150   
11
117   
24
Number of Electrons
94   
24
78   
38
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
159.00 pm   
28
139.00 pm   
39
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm   
20
136.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
175.00 pm   
36
Atomic Weight
244.00 amu   
19
47.87 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
12.32 cm3/mol   
99+
9.09 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Neptunium
  
Iridium
  
Next Element
Americium
  
Gold
  
Valence Electron Potential
64.90 (-eV)   
21
392.42 (-eV)   
1
Lattice Constant
618.30 pm   
4
392.42 pm   
24
Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.82 g/cm3   
13
21.45 g/cm3   
11
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.63 g/cm3   
8
19.77 g/cm3   
2
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
125.00 MPa   
14
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
26
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
2.20 (Pa)   
12
0.07 (Pa)   
18
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa   
18
61.00 GPa   
14
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
230.00 GPa   
6
Young's Modulus
96.00 GPa   
21
168.00 GPa   
14
Poisson Ratio
0.21   
32
0.38   
6
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.84   
7
21.45   
4
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
0.00 H/m   
3
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
1.46 nΩ·m   
99+
105.00 nΩ·m   
30
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.10 106/cm Ω   
21
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
205.30 kJ/mol   
2
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Molar Heat Capacity
35.50 J/mol·K   
3
25.86 J/mol·K   
35
Thermal Conductivity
6.74 W/m·K   
99+
71.60 W/m·K   
24
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
46.70 µm/(m·K)   
6
8.80 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
344.00 kJ/mol   
25
510.50 kJ/mol   
11
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.82 kJ/mol   
99+
19.70 kJ/mol   
12
Enthalpy of Atomization
360.00 kJ/mol   
26
565.00 kJ/mol   
11
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
41.60 J/mol.K   
36
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