Home
 Compare Metals

Protactinium vs Palladium

Protactinium
Palladium
Palladium vs Protactinium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pa  
Pd  
Group Number
3  
15
10  
8
Period Number
7  
5  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440133  
99+
7440053  
99+
Space Group Name
I4/mmm  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
139.00  
11
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Protactinium metal has 29 isotopes.
  • Isotopes of Protactinium-231 used in nuclear weapon.
  
  • Palladium alloys are used for Jewelry contains (95% Palladium and 5% Ruthenium)
  • In the late 1800s, Palladium metal used have more economical value than the Platinum metal.
  • Palladium element is known as a good catalyst
  
Sources
Found in Uranium Ores, Mining, Ores of metals  
Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
William Crookes  
William Hyde Wollaston  
Discovery
In 1900  
In 1803  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
17
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Meteorites
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Protactinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Mostly palladium metal is used in catalytic converters. In electronic industry it is used in ceramic capacitors of mobile and computer.
  • It is used in jewellery and dental fillings and crowns.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
-  
Coinage, Bullion, Jewellery  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,568.00 °C  
21
1,554.90 °C  
22
Boiling Point
4,027.00 °C  
12
2,963.00 °C  
34
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
Silver  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
5.00  
8
4.75  
9
Brinell Hardness
125.00 MPa  
99+
320.00 MPa  
40
Vickers Hardness
220.00 MPa  
99+
121.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
12,400.00 m/s  
3
3,070.00 m/s  
38
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.60  
33
1.72  
25
Reflectivity
60.00 %  
23
84.00 %  
5
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Pa  
Pd  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
27  
12
38  
1
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50  
28
2.20  
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.50  
18
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.14  
29
1.35  
22
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.50  
26
2.20  
6
Allen Electronegativity
1.50  
32
1.59  
25
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50  
27
1.80  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
520.23 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,298.22 kJ/mol  
2
3rd Energy Level
1,814.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11,815.13 kJ/mol  
3
4th Energy Level
2,991.00 kJ/mol  
99+
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,044.00 kJ/mol  
13
6th Energy Level
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,044.00 kJ/mol  
33
7th Energy level
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
27
8th Energy Level
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
27
9th Energy Level
5,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
24
10th Energy Level
5,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
28
11th Energy Level
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
27
12th Energy Level
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,310.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
56,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
80,400.00 kJ/mol  
16
16th Energy Level
56,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
568.50 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
33
18th Energy Level
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,045.00 kJ/mol  
22
19th Energy Level
568.30 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
30
20th Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.00 kJ/mol  
23
21st Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.00 kJ/mol  
18
23rd Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
14
25th Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
12
26th Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
12
27th Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
11
28th Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
17
29th Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
16
30th Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.00 kJ/mol  
12
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.72 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.99 g/amp-hr  
34
Electron Work Function
5.89 eV  
3
5.12 eV  
7
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
91  
27
46  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2  
[Kr] 4d10  
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Protactinium.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Palladium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
91  
27
46  
99+
Number of Neutrons
122  
22
60  
99+
Number of Electrons
91  
27
46  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
163.00 pm  
27
137.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
200.00 pm  
11
139.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
243.00 pm  
15
163.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
231.04 amu  
24
106.42 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
15.00 cm3/mol  
99+
8.90 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Thorium
  
Rhodium
  
Next Element
Uranium
  
Silver
  
Valence Electron Potential
92.00 (-eV)  
11
33.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
392.50 pm  
26
389.07 pm  
28
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
36
1.56  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
15.37 g/cm3  
20
12.02 g/cm3  
31
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.37 g/cm3  
21
10.38 g/cm3  
38
Tensile Strength
80.00 MPa  
29
550.00 MPa  
8
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
14
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
29
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
32
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
16.00 GPa  
99+
44.00 GPa  
17
Bulk Modulus
47.00 GPa  
26
180.00 GPa  
9
Young's Modulus
47.00 GPa  
99+
121.00 GPa  
18
Poisson Ratio
0.23  
30
0.39  
5
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
15.37  
23
12.02  
33
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
10
0.00 H/m  
18
Susceptibility
0.00  
21
0.00  
27
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
177.00 nΩ·m  
21
105.40 nΩ·m  
29
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω  
39
0.10 106/cm Ω  
27
Electron Affinity
53.03 kJ/mol  
22
54.23 kJ/mol  
21
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.24 J/(kg K)  
23
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K  
24
25.98 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
47.00 W/m·K  
32
71.80 W/m·K  
23
Critical Temperature
1,841.00 K  
25
1,825.00 K  
26
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)  
99+
11.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
481.00 kJ/mol  
17
376.60 kJ/mol  
28
Enthalpy of Fusion
12.34 kJ/mol  
34
16.74 kJ/mol  
18
Enthalpy of Atomization
481.90 kJ/mol  
19
393.30 kJ/mol  
29
Standard Molar Entropy
198.10 J/mol.K  
1
37.60 J/mol.K  
99+
Periodic Table >>
<< All

Compare Actinide Series

Actinide Series

Actinide Series

» More Actinide Series

Compare Actinide Series

» More Compare Actinide Series
Home | About | Contact | Disclaimer | Terms of use
© A softusvista inc. venture!