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Rhenium vs Livermorium

Rhenium
Livermorium
Livermorium vs Rhenium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Re  
Lv  
Group Number
7  
11
16  
2
Period Number
6  
7  
Block
d block  
p block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Probably Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440155  
99+
54100719  
3
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
-  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
  • Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
  
Livermorium was first synthesized in 2000 by a joint Russian-American research team.  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Masataka Ogawa  
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  
Discovery
In 1908  
In 2000  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
29
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
34
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
  • Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
  
  • Currently known uses of Livermorium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.50 p.p.m.  
22
Physical
Melting Point
3,180.00 °C  
2
-  
Boiling Point
5,627.00 °C  
2
3,500.00 °C  
18
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.00  
3
-  
Brinell Hardness
1,320.00 MPa  
8
350.00 MPa  
36
Vickers Hardness
1,350.00 MPa  
12
400.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
4,700.00 m/s  
19
4,600.00 m/s  
21
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.90  
18
1.90  
18
Reflectivity
70.00 %  
13
66.00 %  
17
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Re  
Lv  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
5  
32
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90  
12
2.00  
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.90  
13
1.90  
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.46  
16
1.90  
1
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.90  
13
1.90  
13
Allen Electronegativity
1.60  
24
1.90  
8
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10  
99+
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
20
723.60 kJ/mol  
28
2nd Energy Level
1,260.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,331.50 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,510.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,846.30 kJ/mol  
35
4th Energy Level
3,640.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,811.20 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
20
6,078.60 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
37
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
31
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
38
8th Energy Level
5,560.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
34
9th Energy Level
5,560.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
31
10th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
31
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
30
6,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
23
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
30
14th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
20
1,168.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
76,000.00 kJ/mol  
20
70,900.00 kJ/mol  
26
16th Energy Level
76,000.00 kJ/mol  
15
58,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
760.10 kJ/mol  
36
1,085.00 kJ/mol  
23
18th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
26
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
32
19th Energy Level
760.40 kJ/mol  
33
1,169.70 kJ/mol  
13
20th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
27
870.00 kJ/mol  
15
21st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
21
370.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
24th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
548.90 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
709.00 kJ/mol  
27
26th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
709.00 kJ/mol  
26
27th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
17
709.00 kJ/mol  
26
28th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
23
709.00 kJ/mol  
31
29th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
24
709.00 kJ/mol  
32
30th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
709.00 kJ/mol  
26
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.99 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
4.96 eV  
11
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Chemical Stability, Ionization  
Atomic
Atomic Number
75  
99+
116  
2
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p4  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Not Known  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Livermorium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
75  
40
116  
2
Number of Neutrons
111  
27
160  
5
Number of Electrons
75  
40
116  
2
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
137.00 pm  
99+
183.00 pm  
12
Covalent Radius
151.00 pm  
36
183.00 pm  
22
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
0.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
186.21 amu  
36
293.00 amu  
2
Atomic Volume
8.85 cm3/mol  
99+
22.90 cm3/mol  
16
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tungsten
  
Moscovium
  
Next Element
Osmium
  
No Next Element  
Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)  
3
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
276.10 pm  
99+
362.15 pm  
36
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62  
17
1.60  
22
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
21.02 g/cm3  
12
12.90 g/cm3  
28
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
18.90 g/cm3  
14
12.90 g/cm3  
30
Tensile Strength
1,070.00 MPa  
3
80.00 MPa  
29
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
40
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
178.00 GPa  
3
28.50 GPa  
30
Bulk Modulus
370.00 GPa  
2
42.00 GPa  
34
Young's Modulus
463.00 GPa  
2
12.50 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.30  
14
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.02  
14
12.00  
34
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
8
0.00 H/m  
10
Susceptibility
0.00  
26
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
193.00 nΩ·m  
20
0.50 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω  
38
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
14.50 kJ/mol  
99+
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
25.48 J/mol·K  
99+
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
Thermal Conductivity
48.00 W/m·K  
31
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
3,459.00 K  
2
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
6.20 µm/(m·K)  
99+
9.70 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
707.10 kJ/mol  
4
722.00 kJ/mol  
3
Enthalpy of Fusion
33.05 kJ/mol  
2
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
791.00 kJ/mol  
2
380.50 kJ/mol  
32
Standard Molar Entropy
36.90 J/mol.K  
99+
50.20 J/mol.K  
99+
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