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Rutherfordium vs Plutonium

Rutherfordium
Plutonium
Plutonium vs Rutherfordium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Rf   
Pu   
Group Number
4   
14
0   
18
Period Number
7   
7   
Block
d block   
f block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Actinide   
CAS Number
53850365   
13
7440075   
99+
Space Group Name
Not Available   
P121/m1   
Space Group Number
Not Available   
11.00   
13
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
  • Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.
  
  • Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
  • Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
  
Sources
Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced   
Mining, Ores of metals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research   
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan   
Discovery
In 1964   
In Between 1940 1941   
Abundance
  
  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
  • It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Research Purposes   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Unknown   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,100.00 °C   
11
639.50 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
5,500.00 °C   
3
3,235.00 °C   
24
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Unknown   
Silvery White   
Luster
Unknown Luster   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
2,260.00 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Rf   
Pu   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
13   
26
20   
19
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.28   
33
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.22   
26
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available   
2.72   
21
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
579.90 kJ/mol   
99+
584.70 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,389.40 kJ/mol   
99+
1,128.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,296.40 kJ/mol   
99+
2,084.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
3,077.90 kJ/mol   
99+
3,338.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
Not Available   
2.28 g/amp-hr   
22
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
104   
14
94   
24
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2   
[Rn] 5f6 7s2   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Monoclinic (MON)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
104   
14
94   
24
Number of Neutrons
157   
7
150   
11
Number of Electrons
104   
14
94   
24
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
150.00 pm   
33
159.00 pm   
28
Covalent Radius
157.00 pm   
31
187.00 pm   
20
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available   
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
267.00 amu   
11
244.00 amu   
19
Atomic Volume
Not Available   
12.32 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Lawrencium
  
Neptunium
  
Next Element
Dubnium
  
Americium
  
Valence Electron Potential
Not Available   
64.90 (-eV)   
21
Lattice Constant
Not Available   
618.30 pm   
4
Lattice Angles
NA   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
23.20 g/cm3   
8
19.82 g/cm3   
13
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
16.63 g/cm3   
8
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
26
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
2.20 (Pa)   
12
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
43.00 GPa   
18
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
96.00 GPa   
21
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.21   
32
Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
Not Available   
19.84   
7
Magnetic Ordering
Unknown   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Unknown   
Poor Conductor   
Resistivity
Not Available   
1.46 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
35.50 J/mol·K   
3
Thermal Conductivity
Not Available   
6.74 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
46.70 µm/(m·K)   
6
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
344.00 kJ/mol   
25
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
2.82 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
360.00 kJ/mol   
26
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
Not Available   
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