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Samarium
Samarium

Francium
Francium



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Samarium
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Francium

Samarium Francium Comparison

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Sm
Fr
1.2 Group Number
NA1
Gadolinium Metal
0 17
1.3 Period Number
67
Lithium Metal
2 7
1.4 Block
f block
s block
1.5 Element Family
Lanthanide
Alkali
1.6 CAS Number
74401997440735
Aluminium Metal
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
R_ 3m
Not Available
1.8 Space Group Number
166.00NA
Plutonium Metal
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Samarium metals helps stimulating body metabolism.
  • Samarium metals was 1st observed by Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac in Dydimia in 1853.
  • 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
  • Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Formed by Decay Process, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Marguerite Perey
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1879
In 1939
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %NA
Thallium Metal
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %~-9999 %
Beryllium Metal
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %NA
Gold Metal
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %NA
Radium Metal
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %NA
Protactinium Metal
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
NANA
Radium Metal
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Magnets of Samarium cobalt alloy are stronger than that of Iron and hence, they are used in microwave application.
  • Samarium metal also used in optical lasers and infrared absorbing glasses and as a neutron absorber.
  • Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors
NA
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Slightly Toxic
NA
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium Metal
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
NA0.00 p.p.m.
Plutonium Metal
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
1,072.00 °C27.00 °C
Tin
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
1,900.00 °C677.00 °C
Flerovium Metal
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silvery White
NA
4.3.3 Luster
Lustrous
NA
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
NANA
Cesium Metal
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
441.00 MPaNA
Cesium Metal
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
412.00 MPaNA
Palladium Metal
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
2,130.00 m/sNA
Thallium Metal
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury Metal
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Sm
Fr
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
3033
Tennessine Metal
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.170.70
Sodium
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
NANA
Cesium Metal
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.070.86
Cesium Metal
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
NA0.68
Cesium Metal
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
NA0.67
Cesium Metal
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.833.30
Gold Metal
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
544.50 kJ/mol380.00 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,070.00 kJ/molNA
Ruthenium Metal
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
2,260.00 kJ/molNA
Osmium Metal
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
3,990.00 kJ/molNA
Thorium Metal
2780 37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
NANA
Dubnium Metal
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
NANA
Seaborgium Metal
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium Metal
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium Metal
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
14110 134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium Metal
17100 144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
19900 169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
22219 189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
26930 76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
29196 86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese Metal
41987 97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron Metal
47206 109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt Metal
52737 122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel Metal
58570 134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper Metal
64702 148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
80400 171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
87000 179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
93400 184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
98420 198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
104400 195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
121900 121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
127700 127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
133800 133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
139800 139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
148100 148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
154500 154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.87 g/amp-hr8.32 g/amp-hr
Beryllium Metal
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
2.70 eVNA
Cesium Metal
2.14 5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
6287
Lithium Metal
3 117
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f6 6s2
[Rn] 7s1
6.3 Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
6287
Lithium Metal
3 117
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
88136
Lithium Metal
4 184
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
6287
Lithium Metal
3 117
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
180.00 pmNA
Beryllium Metal
112 265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
198.00 pm260.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm348.00 pm
Zinc Metal
139 348
6.6 Atomic Weight
150.36 amu223.00 amu
Lithium Metal
6.94 294
6.7 Atomic Volume
19.95 cm3/molNA
Manganese Metal
1.39 71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
44.80 (-eV)8.00 (-eV)
Palladium
8 392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
362.10 pmNA
Beryllium Metal
228.58 891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
NA
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
Beryllium Metal
1.567 1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
7.52 g/cm31.87 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.16 g/cm3NA
Lithium Metal
0.512 20
7.2 Tensile Strength
NANA
Indium Metal
2.5 11000
7.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury Metal
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.94 (Pa)NA
Cerium Metal
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NANA
Tungsten Metal
2.62E-10 774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
19.50 GPaNA
Potassium Metal
1.3 222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
37.80 GPaNA
Cesium Metal
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
49.70 GPaNA
Cesium Metal
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
0.27NA
Beryllium Metal
0.032 0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
7.52NA
Lithium Metal
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth Metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth Metal
-0.000166 200000
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Poor Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
0.94 nΩ·m3.00 nΩ·m
Thallium Metal
0.18 961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω0.03 106/cm Ω
Plutonium Metal
0.00666 0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/molNA
Mercury Metal
0 222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
0.20 J/(kg K)NA
Americium Metal
0.11 3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
29.54 J/mol·KNA
Beryllium Metal
16.443 62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
13.30 W/m·K15.00 W/m·K
Neptunium Metal
6.3 429
9.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium Metal
26.3 3223
9.5 Thermal Expansion
12.70 µm/(m·K)NA
Tungsten Metal
4.5 97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
166.40 kJ/molNA
Zinc Metal
7.32 799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
8.62 kJ/molNA
Cesium Metal
2.1 35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
209.00 kJ/mol71.00 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
61.5 837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
69.60 J/mol.KNA
Beryllium Metal
9.5 198.1