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Terbium
Terbium

Francium
Francium



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Terbium
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Terbium vs Francium

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Tb
Fr
1.2 Group Number
NA1
Gadolinium
0 17
1.3 Period Number
67
Lithium
2 7
1.4 Block
f block
s block
1.5 Element Family
Lanthanide
Alkali
1.6 CAS Number
74402797440735
Aluminium
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Not Available
1.8 Space Group Number
194.00NA
Plutonium
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • At times Terbium metal acts same as Calcium.
  • Terbium metal closely similar to Lanthanum metal.
  • 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
  • Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Found with Other Rare Earth Metals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Formed by Decay Process, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Marguerite Perey
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1842
In 1939
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-8 %NA
Thallium
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %~-9999 %
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %NA
Gold
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %NA
Radium
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %NA
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
NANA
Radium
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Terbium salts are used in optical devices like laser devices.
  • Terbium’s alloy lengthens and shortens the magnetic field and this effect forms loudspeaker.
  • Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Electronic Industry
NA
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
NA
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Low Toxic
NA
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
NA0.00 p.p.m.
Plutonium
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
1,356.00 °C27.00 °C
Tin
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
3,123.00 °C677.00 °C
Flerovium
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silvery White
NA
4.3.3 Luster
Metallic
NA
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
NANA
Cesium
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
677.00 MPaNA
Cesium
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
863.00 MPaNA
Palladium
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
2,620.00 m/sNA
Thallium
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
NANA
Molybdenum
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Tb
Fr
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
2633
Tennessine
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
NA0.70
Sodium
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
NANA
Cesium
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.100.86
Cesium
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
NA0.68
Cesium
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
NA0.67
Cesium
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
NA3.30
Gold
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol380.00 kJ/mol
Cesium
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,174.80 kJ/molNA
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
2,417.00 kJ/molNA
Osmium
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
4,203.00 kJ/molNA
Thorium
2780 37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
NANA
Dubnium
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
NANA
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
14110 134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium
17100 144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
19900 169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
22219 189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
26930 76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
29196 86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese
41987 97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron
47206 109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt
52737 122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel
58570 134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper
64702 148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
80400 171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
87000 179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
93400 184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
98420 198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
104400 195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
121900 121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
127700 127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
133800 133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
139800 139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
148100 148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
154500 154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.98 g/amp-hr8.32 g/amp-hr
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
3.00 eVNA
Cesium
2.14 5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
6587
Lithium
3 117
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
[Rn] 7s1
6.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
6587
Lithium
3 117
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
94136
Lithium
4 184
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
6587
Lithium
3 117
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
177.00 pmNA
Beryllium
112 265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
194.00 pm260.00 pm
Beryllium
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm348.00 pm
Zinc
139 348
6.6 Atomic Weight
158.93 amu223.00 amu
Lithium
6.94 294
6.7 Atomic Volume
19.20 cm3/molNA
Manganese
1.39 71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
46.80 (-eV)8.00 (-eV)
Palladium
8 392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
360.10 pmNA
Beryllium
228.58 891.25
1.3 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
NA
1.4 Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58NA
Beryllium
1.567 1.886
2 Mechanical
2.1 Density
2.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
8.23 g/cm31.87 g/cm3
Lithium
0.534 40.7
2.2.3 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.65 g/cm3NA
Lithium
0.512 20
2.3 Tensile Strength
60.00 MPaNA
Indium
2.5 11000
2.4 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526
2.5 Vapor Pressure
2.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)NA
Cerium
2.47E-11 121
2.5.3 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
12.50 (Pa)NA
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774
2.6 Elasticity properties
2.6.1 Shear Modulus
22.10 GPaNA
Potassium
1.3 222
2.8.2 Bulk Modulus
38.70 GPaNA
Cesium
1.6 462
2.8.4 Young's Modulus
55.70 GPaNA
Cesium
1.7 528
2.9 Poisson Ratio
0.26NA
Beryllium
0.032 0.47
2.10 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
3 Magnetic
3.1 Magnetic Characteristics
3.1.1 Specific Gravity
8.23NA
Lithium
0.53 4500
3.1.3 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
3.1.4 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063
3.1.6 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000
3.2 Electrical Properties
3.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Poor Conductor
3.2.2 Resistivity
1.15 nΩ·m3.00 nΩ·m
Thallium
0.18 961
3.2.4 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω0.03 106/cm Ω
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63
3.2.6 Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/molNA
Mercury
0 222.8
4 Thermal
4.1 Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)NA
Americium
0.11 3.6
4.2 Molar Heat Capacity
28.91 J/mol·KNA
Beryllium
16.443 62.7
4.3 Thermal Conductivity
11.10 W/m·K15.00 W/m·K
Neptunium
6.3 429
4.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium
26.3 3223
4.5 Thermal Expansion
10.30 µm/(m·K)NA
Tungsten
4.5 97
4.6 Enthalpy
4.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
330.90 kJ/molNA
Zinc
7.32 799.1
4.6.3 Enthalpy of Fusion
10.80 kJ/molNA
Cesium
2.1 35.23
4.6.5 Enthalpy of Atomization
314.00 kJ/mol71.00 kJ/mol
Mercury
61.5 837
4.7 Standard Molar Entropy
73.20 J/mol.KNA
Beryllium
9.5 198.1