1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
1.6 CAS Number
74402797440133
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- At times Terbium metal acts same as Calcium.
- Terbium metal closely similar to Lanthanum metal.
- Protactinium metal has 29 isotopes.
- Isotopes of Protactinium-231 used in nuclear weapon.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Found with Other Rare Earth Metals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Uranium Ores, Mining, Ores of metals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander
William Crookes
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- Terbium salts are used in optical devices like laser devices.
-
Terbium’s alloy lengthens and shortens the magnetic field and this effect forms loudspeaker.
- Currently known uses of Protactinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
3.1.2 Medical Uses
3.1.3 Other Uses
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
3.2.4 In Bone
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
1,356.00 °C1,568.00 °C
27
3410
4.2 Boiling Point
3,123.00 °C4,027.00 °C
147
5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
4.3.2 Color
4.3.3 Luster
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
4.5 Speed of Sound
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
4.6.2 Reflectivity
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol568.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,174.80 kJ/mol1,128.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
2,417.00 kJ/mol1,814.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
4,203.00 kJ/mol2,991.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
5.5.7 7th Energy level
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.98 g/amp-hr1.72 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2
6.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Tetragonal (TETR)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
177.00 pm163.00 pm
112
265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
194.00 pm200.00 pm
96
260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm243.00 pm
139
348
6.6 Atomic Weight
158.93 amu231.04 amu
6.94
294
6.7 Atomic Volume
19.20 cm3/mol15.00 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
46.80 (-eV)92.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
360.10 pm392.50 pm
228.58
891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
8.23 g/cm315.37 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.2 Tensile Strength
7.3 Viscosity
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
12.50 (Pa)NA
2.62E-10
774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
7.6 Poisson Ratio
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Unknown
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
8.1.4 Susceptibility
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
8.2.2 Resistivity
1.15 nΩ·m177.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω0.05 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
28.91 J/mol·KNA
16.443
62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
11.10 W/m·K47.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
9.4 Critical Temperature
9.5 Thermal Expansion
10.30 µm/(m·K)9.90 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
330.90 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
10.80 kJ/mol12.34 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
73.20 J/mol.K198.10 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1