1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
2.5 Period Number
2.6 Block
2.7 Element Family
2.8 CAS Number
74401337439943
7429905
54386242
2.9 Space Group Name
2.10 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- Protactinium metal has 29 isotopes.
- Isotopes of Protactinium-231 used in nuclear weapon.
- Metal dust of Lutetium element is highly explosive.
- Lutetium metal is corrosion resistance and acts stable in air.
3.2 Sources
Found in Uranium Ores, Mining, Ores of metals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
William Crookes
Georges Urbain and Carl Auer von Welsbach
3.3.2 Discovery
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
3.4.3 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.0000001 %
1E-08
0.1
3.4.4 Abundance In Meteorites
3.4.6 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.4.7 Abundance In Oceans
3.4.8 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Protactinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
- Lutetium metal is used outside research. It has commercial uses like Industrial catalyst for cracking oil refineries of hydrocarbons .
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
4.1.2 Medical Uses
4.1.3 Other Uses
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3NA
0
1970
4.2.4 In Bone
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
1,568.00 °C1,652.00 °C
27
3410
5.2 Boiling Point
4,027.00 °C3,402.00 °C
147
5660
6.3 Appearance
6.3.1 Physical State
6.3.2 Color
6.3.3 Luster
6.4 Hardness
6.4.1 Mohs Hardness
6.4.2 Brinell Hardness
6.4.4 Vickers Hardness
6.5 Speed of Sound
7.2 Optical Properties
7.2.1 Refractive Index
7.2.2 Reflectivity
7.3 Allotropes
7.3.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.3.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.3.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
8.4 Electronegativity
8.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
8.4.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
8.6.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
8.6.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
8.6.5 Allen Electronegativity
8.7 Electropositivity
8.7.1 Pauling Electropositivity
8.9 Ionization Energies
8.9.1 1st Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol523.50 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
8.10.2 2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol1,340.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
8.10.4 3rd Energy Level
1,814.00 kJ/mol2,022.30 kJ/mol
1600
34230
9.2.2 4th Energy Level
2,991.00 kJ/mol4,370.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
9.2.3 5th Energy Level
NA6,445.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
9.3.2 6th Energy Level
9.3.4 7th Energy level
9.3.5 8th Energy Level
9.3.7 9th Energy Level
9.3.8 10th Energy Level
9.3.10 11th Energy Level
9.3.12 12th Energy Level
9.4.2 13th Energy Level
9.5.3 14th Energy Level
9.5.5 15th Energy Level
9.5.7 16th Energy Level
9.5.9 17th Energy Level
9.5.11 18th Energy Level
9.5.14 19th Energy Level
9.5.16 20th Energy Level
9.5.18 21st Energy Level
9.5.19 22nd Energy Level
9.5.21 23rd Energy Level
9.5.23 24th Energy Level
9.5.24 25th Energy Level
9.5.26 26th Energy Level
9.5.27 27th Energy Level
9.5.29 28th Energy Level
9.5.30 29th Energy Level
9.5.32 30th Energy Level
9.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.72 g/amp-hr2.18 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
9.7 Electron Work Function
9.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
10 Atomic
10.1 Atomic Number
10.2 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2
[Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d1
10.3 Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
10.3.1 Crystal Lattice
10.4 Atom
10.4.1 Number of Protons
10.4.4 Number of Neutrons
10.4.7 Number of Electrons
10.5 Radius of an Atom
10.5.1 Atomic Radius
163.00 pm174.00 pm
112
265
10.5.3 Covalent Radius
200.00 pm187.00 pm
96
260
10.5.5 Van der Waals Radius
243.00 pm221.00 pm
139
348
10.6 Atomic Weight
231.04 amu174.97 amu
6.94
294
10.7 Atomic Volume
15.00 cm3/mol17.78 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
10.9 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
10.9.1 Previous Element
10.9.2 Next Element
10.10 Valence Electron Potential
92.00 (-eV)50.90 (-eV)
8
392.42
10.12 Lattice Constant
392.50 pm350.31 pm
228.58
891.25
11.2 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
11.3 Lattice C/A Ratio
12 Mechanical
12.1 Density
12.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
15.37 g/cm39.84 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
12.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
12.2 Tensile Strength
12.3 Viscosity
12.4 Vapor Pressure
12.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
12.5.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
12.6 Elasticity properties
12.6.1 Shear Modulus
12.7.1 Bulk Modulus
12.7.2 Young's Modulus
12.9 Poisson Ratio
12.12 Other Mechanical Properties
13 Magnetic
13.1 Magnetic Characteristics
13.1.1 Specific Gravity
13.2.1 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
13.2.2 Permeability
13.4.1 Susceptibility
14.2 Electrical Properties
14.2.1 Electrical Property
14.2.2 Resistivity
177.00 nΩ·m582.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
14.2.4 Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω0.02 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
14.2.5 Electron Affinity
15 Thermal
15.1 Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)0.15 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
15.3 Molar Heat Capacity
NA26.86 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
15.4 Thermal Conductivity
47.00 W/m·K16.40 W/m·K
6.3
429
15.6 Critical Temperature
15.7 Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)9.90 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
15.8 Enthalpy
15.8.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA355.90 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
15.9.1 Enthalpy of Fusion
12.34 kJ/mol18.70 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
16.1.2 Enthalpy of Atomization
16.2 Standard Molar Entropy
198.10 J/mol.K51.00 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1