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Tungsten vs Lawrencium

Tungsten
Lawrencium
Lawrencium vs Tungsten


Periodic Table
Symbol
W  
Lr  
Group Number
6  
12
3  
15
Period Number
6  
7  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7440337  
99+
22537195  
15
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
-  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
  • It is synthetically produced metal.
  • Radiation hazard can be produce by it.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Bombarding Californium-252 with Boron Nuclei, Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Joint Institute for Nuclear Research  
Discovery
In 1781  
In 1961–1971  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
28
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
23
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
39
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
39
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
18
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
  • Currently known uses of Lawrencium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
40
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
3,410.00 °C  
1
1,627.00 °C  
20
Boiling Point
5,660.00 °C  
1
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Grayish White  
Silver  
Luster
Lustrous  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.50  
2
-  
Brinell Hardness
2,000.00 MPa  
4
500.00 MPa  
28
Vickers Hardness
3,430.00 MPa  
3
500.00 MPa  
35
Speed of Sound
4,620.00 m/s  
20
2,760.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.10  
11
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
62.00 %  
21
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
W  
Lr  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
10  
28
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.36  
3
1.30  
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.98  
99+
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.40  
20
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.36  
3
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
1.47  
33
1.30  
40
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.64  
99+
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
16
470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,700.00 kJ/mol  
30
1,428.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,045.40 kJ/mol  
99+
2,228.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
8
4,910.00 kJ/mol  
31
5th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
25
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
47,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
13th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,186.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
18
47,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
13
470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
34
1,186.00 kJ/mol  
15
18th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
31
1,186.00 kJ/mol  
12
20th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
25
860.00 kJ/mol  
17
21st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,186.00 kJ/mol  
27
22nd Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
388.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,180.00 kJ/mol  
32
24th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
15
546.10 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
594.70 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
13
470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
478.00 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.23 g/amp-hr  
12
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV  
18
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
74  
99+
103  
15
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2  
[Rn] 5f14 7s2 7p1  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
74  
99+
103  
15
Number of Neutrons
110  
28
157  
8
Number of Electrons
74  
99+
103  
15
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
162.00 pm  
28
Covalent Radius
162.00 pm  
31
162.00 pm  
31
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
246.00 pm  
12
Atomic Weight
183.84 amu  
37
266.00 amu  
12
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
35.10 cm3/mol  
7
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tantalum
  
Nobelium
  
Next Element
Rhenium
  
Rutherfordium
  
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)  
5
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
316.52 pm  
99+
530.00 pm  
14
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.29  
99+
1.60  
22
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.25 g/cm3  
16
15.00 g/cm3  
22
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.60 g/cm3  
15
15.60 g/cm3  
20
Tensile Strength
370.00 MPa  
11
80.00 MPa  
29
Viscosity
0.00  
1
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
161.00 GPa  
5
30.00 GPa  
27
Bulk Modulus
310.00 GPa  
4
15.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
411.00 GPa  
4
210.00 GPa  
10
Poisson Ratio
0.28  
17
0.32  
12
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.22  
18
15.60  
22
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
13
Susceptibility
0.00  
23
0.00  
23
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor  
-  
Resistivity
52.80 nΩ·m  
99+
8.37 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
78.60 kJ/mol  
15
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.22 J/(kg K)  
29
Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
Thermal Conductivity
173.00 W/m·K  
7
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
3,695.00 K  
1
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
4.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
8.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
341.90 kJ/mol  
37
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
580.00 kJ/mol  
14
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
54.80 J/mol.K  
35
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