1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
1.6 CAS Number
74406227440235
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
- Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.
- At room temperature Sodium metal is very soft as it can be chopped down into pieces with butter knife.
- The most common compound of Sodium is NaCl (Salt).
2.2 Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
By Electrolysis Process, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Andrés Manuel del Río
Humphry Davy
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-4 %2 * 10-3 %
5E-09
0.11
2.5.1 Abundance In Sun
~0.00004 %~0.004 %
1E-08
0.1
1.3.1 Abundance In Meteorites
1.6.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
1.11.1 Abundance In Oceans
2.1.1 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
-
Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.
- In some nuclear reactors sodium is used as a heat exchanger.
- Compound of Sodium metals called Salt (Sodium chloride) is used in Food.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
Pharmaceutical Industry
3.1.3 Other Uses
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-31,970.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
4.4.3 In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.10,000.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
1,890.00 °C97.72 °C
27
3410
5.2 Boiling Point
3,380.00 °C883.00 °C
147
5660
5.3 Appearance
5.3.1 Physical State
5.3.2 Color
Blue-Silver Grey
Silvery White
5.3.3 Luster
5.4 Hardness
5.4.1 Mohs Hardness
5.4.4 Brinell Hardness
600.00 MPa0.69 MPa
0.14
3490
5.4.7 Vickers Hardness
7.4 Speed of Sound
4,560.00 m/s3,200.00 m/s
818
16200
8.2 Optical Properties
8.2.1 Refractive Index
9.1.1 Reflectivity
9.3 Allotropes
9.3.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
9.3.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
9.3.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10 Chemical
10.1 Chemical Formula
10.2 Isotopes
10.2.1 Known Isotopes
10.6 Electronegativity
10.6.1 Pauling Electronegativity
10.8.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
10.8.4 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
10.8.7 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
10.9.1 Allen Electronegativity
10.10 Electropositivity
10.10.1 Pauling Electropositivity
10.13 Ionization Energies
10.13.1 1st Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol495.80 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
11.2.2 2nd Energy Level
1,414.00 kJ/mol4,562.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
11.3.3 3rd Energy Level
2,830.00 kJ/mol6,910.30 kJ/mol
1600
34230
12.2.3 4th Energy Level
4,507.00 kJ/mol9,543.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
12.2.4 5th Energy Level
6,298.70 kJ/mol13,354.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
12.3.2 6th Energy Level
12,363.00 kJ/mol16,613.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
12.3.4 7th Energy level
14,530.00 kJ/mol20,117.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
12.3.7 8th Energy Level
16,730.00 kJ/mol25,496.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
12.4.1 9th Energy Level
19,860.00 kJ/mol28,932.00 kJ/mol
14110
134700
12.4.4 10th Energy Level
22,240.00 kJ/mol141,362.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
12.5.3 11th Energy Level
24,670.00 kJ/mol159,076.00 kJ/mol
19900
169988
12.5.7 12th Energy Level
29,730.00 kJ/molNA
22219
189368
12.5.8 13th Energy Level
32,446.00 kJ/molNA
26930
76015
12.6.2 14th Energy Level
86,450.00 kJ/molNA
29196
86450
12.7.3 15th Energy Level
94,170.00 kJ/molNA
41987
97510
12.7.6 16th Energy Level
102,300.00 kJ/molNA
47206
109480
12.7.9 17th Energy Level
112,700.00 kJ/molNA
52737
122200
12.7.11 18th Energy Level
121,600.00 kJ/molNA
58570
134810
12.7.15 19th Energy Level
130,700.00 kJ/molNA
64702
148700
12.7.17 20th Energy Level
143,400.00 kJ/molNA
80400
171200
12.7.19 21st Energy Level
151,440.00 kJ/molNA
87000
179100
12.7.22 22nd Energy Level
12.7.24 23rd Energy Level
12.7.26 24th Energy Level
12.7.29 25th Energy Level
12.7.31 26th Energy Level
12.7.33 27th Energy Level
12.7.36 28th Energy Level
12.7.38 29th Energy Level
12.7.40 30th Energy Level
12.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.38 g/amp-hr0.86 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
12.9 Electron Work Function
12.10 Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
13 Atomic
13.1 Atomic Number
13.2 Electron Configuration
13.3 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
13.3.1 Crystal Lattice
13.4 Atom
13.4.1 Number of Protons
13.4.5 Number of Neutrons
13.4.8 Number of Electrons
13.5 Radius of an Atom
13.5.1 Atomic Radius
134.00 pm186.00 pm
112
265
13.5.3 Covalent Radius
153.00 pm166.00 pm
96
260
13.5.6 Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm227.00 pm
139
348
13.6 Atomic Weight
50.94 amu22.99 amu
6.94
294
13.8 Atomic Volume
8.78 cm3/mol23.70 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
13.10 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
13.10.1 Previous Element
13.10.2 Next Element
13.11 Valence Electron Potential
120.00 (-eV)14.10 (-eV)
8
392.42
14.2 Lattice Constant
303.00 pm429.06 pm
228.58
891.25
14.6 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
14.7 Lattice C/A Ratio
15 Mechanical
15.1 Density
15.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
6.00 g/cm30.97 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
15.1.4 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.50 g/cm30.93 g/cm3
0.512
20
15.3 Tensile Strength
15.4 Viscosity
15.6 Vapor Pressure
15.6.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
15.7.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
15.10 Elasticity properties
15.10.1 Shear Modulus
47.00 GPa3.30 GPa
1.3
222
16.3.1 Bulk Modulus
160.00 GPa6.30 GPa
1.6
462
16.5.1 Young's Modulus
128.00 GPa10.00 GPa
1.7
528
16.10 Poisson Ratio
17.2 Other Mechanical Properties
18 Magnetic
18.1 Magnetic Characteristics
18.1.1 Specific Gravity
18.1.4 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
18.1.5 Permeability
18.2.1 Susceptibility
18.4 Electrical Properties
18.5.1 Electrical Property
18.5.2 Resistivity
197.00 nΩ·m47.70 nΩ·m
0.18
961
18.6.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω0.21 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
18.6.6 Electron Affinity
50.60 kJ/mol52.80 kJ/mol
0
222.8
19 Thermal
19.1 Specific Heat
0.49 J/(kg K)1.23 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
19.3 Molar Heat Capacity
24.89 J/mol·K28.23 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
19.4 Thermal Conductivity
30.70 W/m·K142.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
19.7 Critical Temperature
19.10 Thermal Expansion
8.40 µm/(m·K)71.00 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
20.4 Enthalpy
20.4.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
458.60 kJ/mol89.04 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
21.1.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
17.57 kJ/mol2.59 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
21.2.4 Enthalpy of Atomization
514.60 kJ/mol108.40 kJ/mol
61.5
837
21.3 Standard Molar Entropy
28.90 J/mol.K51.30 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1