Bismuth mungsuh Gadolinium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Bi
Gd
Panggil Group
15
3
0
18
Panggil periode
6
6
Block
p pemblokiran
pemblokiran f
Family unsur
Transisi Post-
lanthanide
CAS Number
7440699
22
7440542
33
Jeneng papan Group
C12 / m1
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
12.00
12
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- metal Bismuth larut lan apa sing ditanggepi karo asam nitrat klempakan.
- Iku oksida digunakake minangka pigmen kuning ing Paint. Bismuth klorida oxide BiClO menehi susunan pearly kanggo Kosmetik.
- Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
- metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
sing katutup
Claude François Geoffroy
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
Discovery
ing taun 1753
ing taun 1880
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
7 * 10-8 %
25
2 * 10-7 %
22
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.000006 %
14
~0.0000002 %
25
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
34
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
30
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
24
0.00 %
38
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- Tin lan wesi bismuth duwe titik leleh banget kurang lan Empu kang digunakake ing layang geni lan geni extinguishers. Uga digunakake ing solders elektrik lan nyawijikaké.
- wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
- Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).
Ulah Industrial
Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
Industry Pharmaceutical
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
Low Toxic
non Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ora
Sang
0.02 Sang / mg dm-3
20
ora Sumadhiya
ing Bone
0.20 ppm
22
ora Sumadhiya
fisik Properties
leleh Point
271.30 ° C
99+
1,311.00 ° C
35
Boiling Point
1,560.00 ° C
99+
3,233.00 ° C
25
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
Silver
perak Putih
luster
metallic
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
2.25
15
ora Sumadhiya
Brinell atose
70.00 MPa
99+
ora Sumadhiya
Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya
510.00 MPa
22
Kacepetan swara
1,790.00 m / s
99+
2,680.00 m / s
34
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Bi
Gd
isotop
Isotop dikenal
33
6
26
13
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
2.02
6
1.20
39
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
2.34
3
ora Sumadhiya
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.67
6
1.11
29
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
2.15
4
ora Sumadhiya
Allen Elektronegativitas
2.01
4
ora Sumadhiya
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.98
99+
2.80
15
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
703.00 kJ / mol
35
593.40 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,610.00 kJ / mol
33
1,170.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,466.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,990.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
4,370.00 kJ / mol
28
4,250.00 kJ / mol
30
Level Energy 5th
5,400.00 kJ / mol
30
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 6th
8,520.00 kJ / mol
19
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
2.60 g / amp-day
19
1.96 g / amp-day
32
Fungsi Work elektron
4.22 eV
22
3.10 eV
35
Properties Kimia liyane
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
atom Properties
Panggil atom
83
33
64
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 10 6s 2 6p 3
[Xe] 4F 7 5d 1 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
83
33
64
99+
Jumlah Neutron
126
18
93
37
Jumlah Èlèktron
83
33
64
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
156.00 pm
29
180.00 pm
14
kovalen Radius
148.00 pm
36
196.00 pm
14
Van der Waals Radius
207.00 pm
26
237.00 pm
15
Bobot atom
208.98 Amu
29
47.87 Amu
99+
Volume atom
21.30 cm3 / mol
14
19.90 cm3 / mol
20
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
41.90 (-eV)
99+
46.10 (-eV)
34
Constant pola
667.40 pm
2
363.60 pm
32
pola Angles
NA
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
1.59
9
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
9.78 g / cm 3
39
7.90 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
10.05 g / cm3
18
7.40 g / cm3
31
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 (Pa)
30
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya
7.39 (Pa)
9
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
12.00 GPA
99+
21.80 GPA
33
pengaturan akeh
31.00 GPA
38
37.90 GPA
34
Young kang pengaturan
32.00 GPA
99+
54.80 GPA
35
Poisson rasio
0.33
11
0.26
23
Properties Teknik liyane
NA
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
9.79
30
7.90
40
Nindakake Magnetic
diamagnetic
Ferromagnetic
permeabilitas
0.00 H / m
6
ora Sumadhiya
kelemahan
0.00
6
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Semiconductor
Arman
resistivity
1.29 nΩ · m
99+
1.31 nΩ · m
99+
konduktivitas listrik
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
elektron Affinity
91.20 kJ / mol
11
50.00 kJ / mol
21
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.12 J / (kg K)
40
0.23 J / (kg K)
27
Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.52 J / mol · K
37
37.03 J / mol · K
2
doyo termal
7.97 W / m · K
99+
10.60 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
13.40 μm / (m · K)
28
9.40 μm / (m · K)
99+
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
151.00 kJ / mol
99+
359.40 kJ / mol
21
Enthalpy saka Fusion
10.90 kJ / mol
33
10.05 kJ / mol
36
Enthalpy saka atomization
207.10 kJ / mol
99+
352.00 kJ / mol
27
Standard molar Entropy
56.70 J / mol.K
24
68.10 J / mol.K
16
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