kadmium

Gadolinium

kadmium mungsuh Gadolinium

kadmium

Gadolinium

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

120

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.4 Block

d block

pemblokiran f

1.5 Family unsur

transisi Metal

lanthanide

1.6 CAS Number

74404397440542

7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

P63 / mmc

1.8 Space Group Number

194.00194.00

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

Character length exceed error

Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.

2.2 sumber

Found Minangka By-produk, Found in Minerals, Mining

Found in Minerals, Mining

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann and Friedrich Stromeyer

Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac

2.3.2 Discovery

ing 1817

ing taun 1880

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

2 * 10^-7 %2 * 10^-7 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.0000006 %~0.0000002 %

1E-08 0.1

1.2.2 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.00 %0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

1.6.1 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.00 %0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

1.8.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

0.00 %ora Sumadhiya

1E-13 1.4

3 ulah

3.1 Ulah lan Wuku

Wis Efesus banget winates minangka logam beracun lan bisa nimbulaké cacat lair, kanker, etc.
Meh 80% saka logam kadmium digunakake ing Nikel Baterei kadmium lan saiki lagi njupuk diganti karo isotop nikel.

wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).

3.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

3.1.2 Ulah Medical

3.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi

3.2 Properties biologi

3.2.1 keracunan

Toxic

non Toxic

3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

3.2.4 Sang

0.01 Sang / mg dm-3ora Sumadhiya

0 1970

3.2.6 ing Bone

1.80 ppmora Sumadhiya

0 170000

2 fisik

2.1 leleh Point

320.90 ° C1,311.00 ° C

27 3410

2.3 Boiling Point

765.00 ° C3,233.00 ° C

147 5660

2.7 katon

2.7.1 State fisik

Solid

2.7.2 warna

Perak werna-Gray

perak Putih

2.7.3 luster

metallic

2.8 atose

2.8.1 Mohs atose

2.00ora Sumadhiya

0.2 8.5

3.4.2 Brinell atose

203.00 MPaora Sumadhiya

0.14 3490

4.4.2 Vickers atose

ora Sumadhiya510.00 MPa

121 3430

5.2 Kacepetan swara

2,310.00 m / s2,680.00 m / s

818 16200

5.4 Properties Optical

5.4.2 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

5.5.3 reflectivity

67.00 %ora Sumadhiya

58 97

5.6 allotropes

Ora

5.6.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5.6.3 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5.6.4 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

6 Kimia

6.1 Formula Kimia

6.2 isotop

6.2.1 Isotop dikenal

3426

0 38

6.3 keelektronegatifan

6.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.691.20

0.7 2.54

7.3.1 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

1.98ora Sumadhiya

0.22 2.56

7.4.2 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.461.11

0.86 1.82

8.1.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

1.53ora Sumadhiya

0.62 2.48

9.3.1 Allen Elektronegativitas

1.52ora Sumadhiya

0.659 2.7

9.7 Electropositivity

9.7.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.312.80

1.46 3.3

9.8 tenogo ionisasi

9.8.1 Level Energy 1st

867.80 kJ / mol593.40 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

9.8.3 Level Energy 2

1,631.40 kJ / mol1,170.00 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

9.8.6 Level Energy 3rd

3,616.00 kJ / mol1,990.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

9.9.2 Level Energy 4

ora Sumadhiya4,250.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

9.10.3 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

4305.2 97510

10.2.2 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

5715.8 105800

10.3.2 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

7226.8 114300

10.4.3 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

8857.4 125300

10.4.6 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

14110 134700

10.4.9 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

17100 144300

10.4.12 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

10.4.16 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

10.5.3 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

10.6.3 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

10.6.6 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

10.6.9 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

10.6.12 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

10.6.15 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

10.6.17 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

10.6.20 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

10.6.22 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

10.6.25 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

10.6.28 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

10.6.30 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

10.6.32 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

10.6.35 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

10.6.38 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

10.6.40 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

10.6.43 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

10.6.45 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

10.7 padha karo elektrokimia

2.10 g / amp-day1.96 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

10.8 Fungsi Work elektron

4.22 eV3.10 eV

2.14 5.65

10.9 Properties Kimia liyane

Kimia Stabilitas, anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif

11 atom

11.1 Panggil atom

4864

3 117

11.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Kr] 4d ¹⁰ 5S ²

[Xe] 4F ⁷ 5d ¹ 6s ²

11.3 Struktur Crystal

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

11.3.1 Crystal pola

11.4 atom

11.4.1 Jumlah proton

4864

3 117

11.4.6 Jumlah Neutron

6493

4 184

11.6.1 Jumlah Èlèktron

4864

3 117

12.2 Radius saka Atom

12.2.1 Radius atom

151.00 pm180.00 pm

112 265

12.2.3 kovalen Radius

144.00 pm196.00 pm

96 260

12.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

158.00 pm237.00 pm

139 348

12.6 Bobot atom

112.41 Amu47.87 Amu

6.94 294

12.7 Volume atom

13.10 cm3 / mol19.90 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

12.10 Nomer atom jejer

12.10.1 unsur Previous

12.10.2 Sabanjure unsur

12.11 Potensi Valence Electron

30.00 (-eV)46.10 (-eV)

8 392.42

12.12 Constant pola

297.94 pm363.60 pm

228.58 891.25

12.15 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

12.16 Pola C / A rasio

1.891.59

1.567 1.886

14 Teknik

14.1 Kapadhetan

14.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

8.65 g / cm ³7.90 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

14.5.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

8.00 g / cm37.40 g / cm3

0.512 20

14.8 Strength tensile

62.00 MPaora Sumadhiya

2.5 11000

14.10 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

15.2 meksa beluk

15.2.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

ora Sumadhiya0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

15.3.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

ora Sumadhiya7.39 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

15.4 situs kelenturan

15.4.1 nyukur pengaturan

19.00 GPA21.80 GPA

1.3 222

15.6.1 pengaturan akeh

42.00 GPA37.90 GPA

1.6 462

15.9.1 Young kang pengaturan

50.00 GPA54.80 GPA

1.7 528

15.10 Poisson rasio

0.300.26

0.032 0.47

15.14 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile, malleable

16 Magnetic

16.1 Ciri Magnetic

16.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

8.657.90

0.53 4500

16.2.2 Nindakake Magnetic

diamagnetic

Ferromagnetic

16.2.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

16.4.2 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

17.2 Properties Listrik

17.2.1 Property Listrik

Semiconductor

Arman

17.2.2 resistivity

72.70 nΩ · m1.31 nΩ · m

0.18 961

18.1.2 konduktivitas listrik

0.14 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.01 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

18.2.3 elektron Affinity

0.00 kJ / mol50.00 kJ / mol

0 222.8

19 termal

19.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.23 J / (kg K)0.23 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

19.3 Graham Kapasitas kalor

26.02 J / mol · K37.03 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

19.5 doyo termal

96.60 W / m · K10.60 W / m · K

6.3 429

19.6 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

20.2 Expansion termal

30.80 μm / (m · K)9.40 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

20.5 enthalpy

20.5.1 Enthalpy panguapan

100.00 kJ / mol359.40 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

21.2.3 Enthalpy saka Fusion

6.19 kJ / mol10.05 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

21.3.2 Enthalpy saka atomization

113.00 kJ / mol352.00 kJ / mol

61.5 837

21.6 Standard molar Entropy

51.80 J / mol.K68.10 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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