Gadolinium

rutherfordium

mbandhingaké Gadolinium lan rutherfordium

Gadolinium

rutherfordium

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.4 Block

pemblokiran f

d block

1.5 Family unsur

lanthanide

transisi Metal

1.6 CAS Number

744054253850365

7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

P63 / mmc

ora Sumadhiya

1.8 Space Group Number

194.00ora Sumadhiya

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.

Rutherfordium ora dumadi ing alam minangka unsur sintetis.
Ampe tanggal logam rutherfordium wis 15 radioisotopes digawe sacara sintetis.

2.2 sumber

Found in Minerals, Mining

Némbakaké Plutonium karo cepet 113 kanggo 115 MeV Neon Ion, sintetik Diprodhuksi

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac

Joint Institute for Nuclear Research

2.3.2 Discovery

ing taun 1880

ing 1964

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

2 * 10^-7 %ora Sumadhiya

5E-09 0.11

2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.0000002 %~-9999 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.00 %ora Sumadhiya

1.7E-07 22

2.5.1 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.00 %ora Sumadhiya

9.9E-12 8.1

3.1.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %ora Sumadhiya

2E-23 1.1

3.1.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1E-13 1.4

4 ulah

4.1 Ulah lan Wuku

wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).

Efesus saiki dikenal saka logam rutherfordium sing winates kanggo riset waé mung.

4.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

4.1.2 Ulah Medical

4.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi

wesi, tujuan Research

4.2 Properties biologi

4.2.1 keracunan

non Toxic

Unknown

4.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

4.2.3 Sang

ora Sumadhiya0.00 Sang / mg dm-3

0 1970

4.2.6 ing Bone

ora Sumadhiya0.00 ppm

0 170000

5 fisik

5.1 leleh Point

1,311.00 ° C2,100.00 ° C

27 3410

5.3 Boiling Point

3,233.00 ° C5,500.00 ° C

147 5660

5.4 katon

5.4.1 State fisik

Solid

5.4.2 warna

perak Putih

Unknown

5.4.3 luster

metallic

Unknown Luster

5.5 atose

5.5.1 Mohs atose

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.2 8.5

5.6.1 Brinell atose

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.14 3490

5.7.1 Vickers atose

510.00 MPaora Sumadhiya

121 3430

5.10 Kacepetan swara

2,680.00 m / sora Sumadhiya

818 16200

5.12 Properties Optical

5.12.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

5.14.1 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58 97

6.2 allotropes

Ora

6.2.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

6.2.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

6.2.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

7 Kimia

7.1 Formula Kimia

7.2 isotop

7.2.1 Isotop dikenal

2613

0 38

7.3 keelektronegatifan

7.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.20ora Sumadhiya

0.7 2.54

7.4.1 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.22 2.56

7.4.2 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.11ora Sumadhiya

0.86 1.82

7.4.3 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.62 2.48

7.4.4 Allen Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.659 2.7

7.5 Electropositivity

7.5.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.80ora Sumadhiya

1.46 3.3

7.6 tenogo ionisasi

7.6.1 Level Energy 1st

593.40 kJ / mol579.90 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

7.6.2 Level Energy 2

1,170.00 kJ / mol1,389.40 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

7.6.3 Level Energy 3rd

1,990.00 kJ / mol2,296.40 kJ / mol

1600 34230

7.6.4 Level Energy 4

4,250.00 kJ / mol3,077.90 kJ / mol

2780 37066

7.6.5 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

4305.2 97510

7.6.6 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

5715.8 105800

7.6.7 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

7226.8 114300

7.6.8 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

8857.4 125300

7.6.9 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

14110 134700

7.6.10 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

17100 144300

7.6.11 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

7.6.12 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

7.6.13 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

7.6.14 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

7.6.15 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

7.6.16 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

7.6.17 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

7.6.18 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

7.6.19 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

7.6.20 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

7.6.21 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

7.6.22 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

7.6.23 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

7.6.24 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

7.6.25 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

7.7.1 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

7.8.2 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

7.8.3 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

7.8.5 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

7.9.2 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

7.10 padha karo elektrokimia

1.96 g / amp-dayora Sumadhiya

0.16812 8.3209

7.11 Fungsi Work elektron

3.10 eVora Sumadhiya

2.14 5.65

7.12 Properties Kimia liyane

Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif

ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif

8 atom

8.1 Panggil atom

64104

3 117

8.3 Konfigurasi elektron

[Xe] 4F ⁷ 5d ¹ 6s ²

[Rn] 5F ¹⁴ 6D ² 7s ²

8.4 Struktur Crystal

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

8.4.1 Crystal pola

8.5 atom

8.5.1 Jumlah proton

64104

3 117

9.1.2 Jumlah Neutron

93157

4 184

9.1.5 Jumlah Èlèktron

64104

3 117

9.3 Radius saka Atom

9.3.1 Radius atom

180.00 pm150.00 pm

112 265

9.3.2 kovalen Radius

196.00 pm157.00 pm

96 260

9.3.4 Van der Waals Radius

237.00 pmora Sumadhiya

139 348

9.4 Bobot atom

47.87 Amu267.00 Amu

6.94 294

9.5 Volume atom

19.90 cm3 / molora Sumadhiya

1.39 71.07

10.2 Nomer atom jejer

10.2.1 unsur Previous

10.2.2 Sabanjure unsur

10.3 Potensi Valence Electron

46.10 (-eV)ora Sumadhiya

8 392.42

10.5 Constant pola

363.60 pmora Sumadhiya

228.58 891.25

10.7 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

10.8 Pola C / A rasio

1.59ora Sumadhiya

1.567 1.886

11 Teknik

11.1 Kapadhetan

11.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

7.90 g / cm ³23.20 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

11.2.1 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

7.40 g / cm3ora Sumadhiya

0.512 20

11.4 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.5 11000

11.5 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

11.6 meksa beluk

11.6.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

0.00 (Pa)ora Sumadhiya

2.47E-11 121

11.6.3 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

7.39 (Pa)ora Sumadhiya

2.62E-10 774

11.8 situs kelenturan

11.8.1 nyukur pengaturan

21.80 GPAora Sumadhiya

1.3 222

11.8.2 pengaturan akeh

37.90 GPAora Sumadhiya

1.6 462

11.8.3 Young kang pengaturan

54.80 GPAora Sumadhiya

1.7 528

11.9 Poisson rasio

0.26ora Sumadhiya

0.032 0.47

11.10 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile, malleable

Unknown

12 Magnetic

12.1 Ciri Magnetic

12.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

7.90ora Sumadhiya

0.53 4500

12.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

Ferromagnetic

Unknown

12.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

12.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

12.2 Properties Listrik

12.2.1 Property Listrik

Arman

Unknown

12.2.2 resistivity

1.31 nΩ · mora Sumadhiya

0.18 961

12.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.01 10 ⁶ / cm Ωora Sumadhiya

0.00666 0.63

12.2.4 elektron Affinity

50.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

0 222.8

13 termal

13.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.23 J / (kg K)ora Sumadhiya

0.11 3.6

13.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

37.03 J / mol · Kora Sumadhiya

16.443 62.7

13.3 doyo termal

10.60 W / m · Kora Sumadhiya

6.3 429

13.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

13.5 Expansion termal

9.40 μm / (m · K)ora Sumadhiya

4.5 97

13.6 enthalpy

13.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

359.40 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

7.32 799.1

13.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

10.05 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

2.1 35.23

13.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

352.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

61.5 837

13.7 Standard molar Entropy

68.10 J / mol.Kora Sumadhiya

9.5 198.1

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