mbandhingaké Gadolinium lan sesium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Gd
Cs
Panggil Group
0
18
1
17
Panggil periode
6
6
Block
pemblokiran f
s pemblokiran
Family unsur
lanthanide
alkali
CAS Number
7440542
33
7440462
40
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
3M Im_
Space Group Number
194.00
5
229.00
1
facts
Facts Interesting
- Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
- metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.
ora Cepak
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
Discovery
ing taun 1880
ing taun 1860
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
8 * 10-8 %
24
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000002 %
25
~0.0000008 %
20
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
34
0.00 %
38
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
30
0.00 %
35
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
38
0.00 %
17
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 %
17
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
- Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).
- nggunakake paling umum saka logam Sesium yaiku adi ngebur. Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké ing Manufaktur kaca optik.
- Ing tabung vakum lan peralatan monitor radiation logam iki digunakake minangka katalis tukang promosi.
Ulah Industrial
Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
NA
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
mildly Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ora
Ya
Sang
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
28
ing Bone
ora Sumadhiya
0.05 ppm
26
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,311.00 ° C
35
28.50 ° C
99+
Boiling Point
3,233.00 ° C
25
678.40 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
Gold perak
luster
metallic
NA
atose
Mohs atose
ora Sumadhiya
0.20
25
Brinell atose
ora Sumadhiya
0.14 MPa
99+
Vickers atose
510.00 MPa
22
ora Sumadhiya
Kacepetan swara
2,680.00 m / s
34
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Gd
Cs
isotop
Isotop dikenal
26
13
36
3
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.20
39
0.79
99+
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
0.22
33
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.11
29
0.86
99+
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
0.62
26
Allen Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
0.66
99+
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.80
15
3.21
2
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
593.40 kJ / mol
99+
375.70 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,170.00 kJ / mol
99+
2,234.30 kJ / mol
8
Level Energy 3rd
1,990.00 kJ / mol
99+
3,400.00 kJ / mol
16
Level Energy 4
4,250.00 kJ / mol
30
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
1.96 g / amp-day
32
4.96 g / amp-day
3
Fungsi Work elektron
3.10 eV
35
2.14 eV
99+
Properties Kimia liyane
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
Kimia Stabilitas, Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
64
99+
55
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 7 5d 1 6s 2
[Xe] 6s 1
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Body tengah kubik (Bcc)
Crystal pola
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
64
99+
55
99+
Jumlah Neutron
93
37
78
99+
Jumlah Èlèktron
64
99+
55
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
180.00 pm
14
265.00 pm
1
kovalen Radius
196.00 pm
14
244.00 pm
2
Van der Waals Radius
237.00 pm
15
343.00 pm
2
Bobot atom
47.87 Amu
99+
132.91 Amu
99+
Volume atom
19.90 cm3 / mol
20
71.07 cm3 / mol
1
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
46.10 (-eV)
34
8.62 (-eV)
99+
Constant pola
363.60 pm
32
614.10 pm
5
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
1.59
9
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
7.90 g / cm 3
99+
1.93 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
7.40 g / cm3
31
1.84 g / cm3
99+
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
30
ora Sumadhiya
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
7.39 (Pa)
9
ora Sumadhiya
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
21.80 GPA
33
ora Sumadhiya
pengaturan akeh
37.90 GPA
34
1.60 GPA
99+
Young kang pengaturan
54.80 GPA
35
1.70 GPA
99+
Poisson rasio
0.26
23
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
7.90
40
1.87
99+
Nindakake Magnetic
Ferromagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Semiconductor
resistivity
1.31 nΩ · m
99+
205.00 nΩ · m
17
konduktivitas listrik
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.05 10 6 / cm Ω
35
elektron Affinity
50.00 kJ / mol
21
45.50 kJ / mol
25
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.23 J / (kg K)
27
0.24 J / (kg K)
23
Graham Kapasitas kalor
37.03 J / mol · K
2
32.21 J / mol · K
4
doyo termal
10.60 W / m · K
99+
35.90 W / m · K
36
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
1,938.00 K
5
Expansion termal
9.40 μm / (m · K)
99+
97.00 μm / (m · K)
1
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
359.40 kJ / mol
21
65.90 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka Fusion
10.05 kJ / mol
36
2.10 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka atomization
352.00 kJ / mol
27
78.20 kJ / mol
99+
Standard molar Entropy
68.10 J / mol.K
16
85.20 J / mol.K
3
|
||
|
||
|
