mbandhingaké Magnesium lan Gadolinium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Mg
Gd
Panggil Group
2
16
0
18
Panggil periode
3
6
Block
s pemblokiran
pemblokiran f
Family unsur
alkalin bumi
lanthanide
CAS Number
7439954
99+
7440542
33
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- ion Magnesium sing saiki ing saben chlorophyll saka tetuwuhan ijo.
- Ngontrol Magnesium geni dening pouring banyu ing bab iku bakal ngakibataké jeblugan.
- Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
- metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.
sumber
Miturut Process electrolysis, Ocean, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
sing katutup
Joseph Black
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
Discovery
ing taun 1755
ing taun 1880
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
6 * 10-2 %
2
2 * 10-7 %
22
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.07 %
2
~0.0000002 %
25
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
12.00 %
2
0.00 %
34
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
2.90 %
4
0.00 %
30
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.13 %
2
0.00 %
38
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.03 %
4
ora Sumadhiya
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- alloy Magnesium aluminium mbenakake mechanical kekuatan lan welding ciri lan Empu kang digunakake ing pesawat lan mobil Manufaktur.
- Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké kanggo mbusak belerang saka wesi molten lan baja.
- wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
- Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).
Ulah Industrial
Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi, Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industry Pharmaceutical
Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
NA
NA
Ulah liyane
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
non Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ora
Sang
37.80 Sang / mg dm-3
5
ora Sumadhiya
ing Bone
1,800.00 ppm
4
ora Sumadhiya
fisik Properties
leleh Point
650.00 ° C
99+
1,311.00 ° C
35
Boiling Point
1,107.00 ° C
99+
3,233.00 ° C
25
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
Gray
perak Putih
luster
NA
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
2.50
14
ora Sumadhiya
Brinell atose
260.00 MPa
36
ora Sumadhiya
Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya
510.00 MPa
22
Kacepetan swara
4,940.00 m / s
11
2,680.00 m / s
34
Properties Optical
reflectivity
74.00 %
7
ora Sumadhiya
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Mg
Gd
isotop
Isotop dikenal
15
24
26
13
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.31
31
1.20
39
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
1.32
18
ora Sumadhiya
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.23
25
1.11
29
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
1.37
16
ora Sumadhiya
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.29
35
ora Sumadhiya
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.69
23
2.80
15
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
737.70 kJ / mol
24
593.40 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,450.70 kJ / mol
99+
1,170.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
7,732.70 kJ / mol
5
1,990.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
10,542.50 kJ / mol
4
4,250.00 kJ / mol
30
Level Energy 5th
13,630.00 kJ / mol
3
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 6th
18,020.00 kJ / mol
3
ora Sumadhiya
tingkat Energy 7
21,711.00 kJ / mol
3
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 8
25,661.00 kJ / mol
3
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 9
31,653.00 kJ / mol
3
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 10th
35,458.00 kJ / mol
5
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 11
169,988.00 kJ / mol
1
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 12
189,368.00 kJ / mol
1
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
0.45 g / amp-day
99+
1.96 g / amp-day
32
Fungsi Work elektron
3.66 eV
29
3.10 eV
35
Properties Kimia liyane
Corrosion, Highly Inflammable, ionisasi, kelarutan
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
atom Properties
Panggil atom
12
99+
64
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Ne] 3s 2
[Xe] 4F 7 5d 1 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Magnesium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
12
99+
64
99+
Jumlah Neutron
12
99+
93
37
Jumlah Èlèktron
12
99+
64
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
160.00 pm
27
180.00 pm
14
kovalen Radius
141.00 pm
99+
196.00 pm
14
Van der Waals Radius
173.00 pm
37
237.00 pm
15
Bobot atom
24.31 Amu
99+
47.87 Amu
99+
Volume atom
13.97 cm3 / mol
37
19.90 cm3 / mol
20
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
40.00 (-eV)
99+
46.10 (-eV)
34
Constant pola
320.94 pm
99+
363.60 pm
32
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
1.59
9
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
1.74 g / cm 3
99+
7.90 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
1.58 g / cm3
99+
7.40 g / cm3
31
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
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meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 (Pa)
30
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya
7.39 (Pa)
9
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
17.00 GPA
37
21.80 GPA
33
pengaturan akeh
45.00 GPA
25
37.90 GPA
34
Young kang pengaturan
45.00 GPA
39
54.80 GPA
35
Poisson rasio
0.29
15
0.26
23
Properties Teknik liyane
NA
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
1.74
99+
7.90
40
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
Ferromagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
43.90 nΩ · m
99+
1.31 nΩ · m
99+
konduktivitas listrik
0.23 10 6 / cm Ω
7
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
elektron Affinity
0.00 kJ / mol
40
50.00 kJ / mol
21
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
1.02 J / (kg K)
4
0.23 J / (kg K)
27
Graham Kapasitas kalor
24.87 J / mol · K
99+
37.03 J / mol · K
2
doyo termal
156.00 W / m · K
8
10.60 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
24.80 μm / (m · K)
15
9.40 μm / (m · K)
99+
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
128.70 kJ / mol
99+
359.40 kJ / mol
21
Enthalpy saka Fusion
8.95 kJ / mol
39
10.05 kJ / mol
36
Enthalpy saka atomization
148.50 kJ / mol
99+
352.00 kJ / mol
27
Standard molar Entropy
32.70 J / mol.K
99+
68.10 J / mol.K
16
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