mbandhingaké Tin lan thulium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Sn
Tm
Panggil Group
14
4
ora Sumadhiya
Panggil periode
5
6
Block
p pemblokiran
pemblokiran f
Family unsur
Transisi Post-
lanthanide
CAS Number
7440315
99+
7440304
99+
Jeneng papan Group
I41 / AMD
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
141.00
7
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- Ing dhaptar paling unsur KALUBÈRAN timah ditingkat 49.
- metal Tin ora nanggepi karo banyu uga ora corrode ing.
- Thulium logam bisa nolak karat amarga hawa sing garing.
- Mung TM-169 isotop saka logam Thulium kelakon alamiah.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Unknown
Per Teodor Cleve
Discovery
Sadurunge 3500 BC
ing taun 1879
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
4 * 10-7 %
20
1 * 10-8 %
30
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000009 %
19
~0.00000002 %
28
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
24
0.00 %
99+
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
34
0.00 %
99+
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
26
0.00 %
99+
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.00 %
13
ora Sumadhiya
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- alloy Tin-niobium digunakake kanggo prodhuksi superconducting wesi sembrani.
- uyah Tin dikenal minangka klorida timah II, kang digunakake minangka mordant lan reduktor kanggo dyeing calico lan sutra.
- Thulium metal ngasilaké isotop sing mancaraken sinar-X. isotop iki digunakake ing mesin X-ray.
- Thulium unsur uga digunakake ing peralatan Surgical kaya laser.
Ulah Industrial
Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industri Pangan
NA
Ulah Medical
Dentistry
NA
Ulah liyane
NA
wesi, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
Unknown
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ora
Sang
0.38 Sang / mg dm-3
10
ora Sumadhiya
ing Bone
1.40 ppm
16
ora Sumadhiya
fisik Properties
leleh Point
231.90 ° C
99+
1,545.00 ° C
23
Boiling Point
2,270.00 ° C
99+
1,730.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
perak Gray
luster
NA
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
1.50
18
ora Sumadhiya
Brinell atose
50.00 MPa
99+
471.00 MPa
25
Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya
520.00 MPa
21
Kacepetan swara
2,730.00 m / s
32
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ya
Ora
α allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
Putih Tin (Beta Tin)
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Sn
Tm
isotop
Isotop dikenal
35
4
32
7
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.96
8
1.25
35
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
1.49
15
ora Sumadhiya
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.72
4
1.11
29
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
2.21
3
ora Sumadhiya
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.82
11
ora Sumadhiya
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.04
99+
2.75
19
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
708.60 kJ / mol
33
596.70 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,411.80 kJ / mol
99+
1,160.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,943.00 kJ / mol
30
2,285.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
3,930.30 kJ / mol
99+
4,120.00 kJ / mol
33
Level Energy 5th
7,456.00 kJ / mol
13
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
1.11 g / amp-day
99+
2.10 g / amp-day
26
Fungsi Work elektron
4.42 eV
16
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Kimia liyane
ionisasi, kelarutan
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
50
99+
69
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Kr] 4d 10 5S 2 5p 2
[Xe] 4F 13 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Tetragonal (TETR)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Thulium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
50
99+
69
99+
Jumlah Neutron
69
99+
100
32
Jumlah Èlèktron
50
99+
69
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
140.00 pm
38
176.00 pm
18
kovalen Radius
139.00 pm
99+
160.00 pm
30
Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm
23
ora Sumadhiya
Bobot atom
118.71 Amu
99+
168.93 Amu
99+
Volume atom
16.30 cm3 / mol
32
18.10 cm3 / mol
28
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
83.50 (-eV)
14
49.70 (-eV)
28
Constant pola
583.18 pm
7
353.75 pm
40
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
1.57
17
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
7.37 g / cm 3
99+
9.32 g / cm 3
40
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
6.99 g / cm3
34
8.56 g / cm3
24
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
17
0.06 (Pa)
10
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
18.00 GPA
36
30.50 GPA
22
pengaturan akeh
58.00 GPA
20
44.50 GPA
26
Young kang pengaturan
50.00 GPA
36
74.00 GPA
27
Poisson rasio
0.36
8
0.21
31
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
7.31
99+
9.32
31
Nindakake Magnetic
diamagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
superconductor
Arman
resistivity
115.00 nΩ · m
28
676.00 nΩ · m
5
konduktivitas listrik
0.09 10 6 / cm Ω
23
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
elektron Affinity
107.30 kJ / mol
8
50.00 kJ / mol
21
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.23 J / (kg K)
28
0.16 J / (kg K)
35
Graham Kapasitas kalor
27.11 J / mol · K
20
27.03 J / mol · K
22
doyo termal
66.80 W / m · K
25
16.90 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
22.00 μm / (m · K)
20
13.30 μm / (m · K)
29
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
290.40 kJ / mol
32
191.00 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka Fusion
7.03 kJ / mol
99+
16.80 kJ / mol
17
Enthalpy saka atomization
301.30 kJ / mol
35
247.00 kJ / mol
99+
Standard molar Entropy
51.20 J / mol.K
29
74.00 J / mol.K
9
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