osmium

thorium

osmium mungsuh thorium

osmium

thorium

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

0 17

2.4 Panggil periode

2 7

2.5 Block

d block

pemblokiran f

2.6 Family unsur

transisi Metal

actinide

2.7 CAS Number

74400427440326

7429905 54386242

2.8 Jeneng papan Group

P63 / mmc

2.9 Space Group Number

194.00194.00

11 229

3 facts

3.1 Facts Interesting

Osmium logam ora oxidize ing online kajaba kang digawe panas.
Nanging yen digawe panas den iku formulir Osmium tetroxide, kang Highly beracun.

metal Thorium digunakake minangka pilihan sulih liwat Uranium kanggo bahan bakar nuklir.
Thorium logam katon (putih, alus) iku kaya-kaya padha Lead logam.

3.2 sumber

Found Minangka By-produk, Found in Minerals, Mining

Found in Minerals, Mining

3.3 History

3.3.1 sing katutup

Smithson Tennant

Jöns Jakob Berzelius

3.3.2 Discovery

ing 1803

ing 1829

3.4 turah mbrawah

3.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

3 * 10^-7 %3 * 10^-4 %

5E-09 0.11

3.5.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.0000002 %~0.0004 %

1E-08 0.1

3.6.2 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.00 %0.05 %

1.7E-07 22

3.6.5 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.00 %0.66 %

9.9E-12 8.1

3.6.7 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

ora Sumadhiya0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

3.6.9 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1E-13 1.4

4 ulah

4.1 Ulah lan Wuku

Nduweni Efesus banget winates lan wesi banget hard lan digunakake ing Manufaktur saka tips pen, pivots, jarum lan kontak electrical.
Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké minangka katalis industri kanggo nyepetake reaksi kimia.

metal Thorium digunakake minangka agen allying kanggo Magnesium, Iku imparts kekuatan luwih lan resistance kanggo suhu.
senyawa saka logam Thorium oxide digunakake minangka katalis industri.

4.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

4.1.2 Ulah Medical

Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing

4.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi

wesi, Jewellery, patung, Statues

4.2 Properties biologi

4.2.1 keracunan

Highly Toxic

non Toxic

4.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

4.2.3 Sang

ora Sumadhiya0.00 Sang / mg dm-3

0 1970

4.2.6 ing Bone

ora Sumadhiya0.02 ppm

0 170000

5 fisik

5.1 leleh Point

3,045.00 ° C1,750.00 ° C

27 3410

5.2 Boiling Point

5,027.00 ° C4,790.00 ° C

147 5660

5.3 katon

5.3.1 State fisik

Solid

5.3.3 warna

Perak werna-Gray

Silver

5.3.4 luster

metallic

5.4 atose

5.4.1 Mohs atose

7.003.00

0.2 8.5

5.4.4 Brinell atose

3,490.00 MPa390.00 MPa

0.14 3490

5.4.7 Vickers atose

ora Sumadhiya295.00 MPa

121 3430

5.5 Kacepetan swara

4,940.00 m / s2,490.00 m / s

818 16200

5.6 Properties Optical

5.6.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

5.6.4 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58 97

5.7 allotropes

Ora

5.7.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5.7.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5.7.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

6 Kimia

6.1 Formula Kimia

6.2 isotop

6.2.1 Isotop dikenal

3528

0 38

6.3 keelektronegatifan

6.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

2.201.30

0.7 2.54

6.3.4 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.22 2.56

6.4.1 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.521.11

0.86 1.82

6.5.1 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.62 2.48

7.1.1 Allen Elektronegativitas

1.65ora Sumadhiya

0.659 2.7

7.5 Electropositivity

7.5.1 Pauling Electropositivity

1.802.70

1.46 3.3

7.6 tenogo ionisasi

7.6.1 Level Energy 1st

840.00 kJ / mol587.00 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

7.6.2 Level Energy 2

1,309.80 kJ / mol1,110.00 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

7.6.4 Level Energy 3rd

1,600.00 kJ / mol1,978.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

7.7.2 Level Energy 4

ora Sumadhiya2,780.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

7.7.5 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

4305.2 97510

7.8.1 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

5715.8 105800

7.8.2 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

7226.8 114300

7.9.1 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

8857.4 125300

7.11.1 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

14110 134700

7.12.1 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

17100 144300

8.1.2 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

8.1.3 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

8.1.5 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

8.3.1 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

8.4.2 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

8.5.2 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

8.5.3 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

8.5.5 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

8.5.7 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

8.6.1 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

8.6.2 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

9.1.2 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

9.1.5 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

9.1.7 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

9.2.3 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

9.2.5 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

9.2.6 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

9.2.8 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

10.1.1 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

10.1.2 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

10.3 padha karo elektrokimia

1.77 g / amp-day2.16 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

10.5 Fungsi Work elektron

4.83 eV3.41 eV

2.14 5.65

10.7 Properties Kimia liyane

Kimia Stabilitas, ionisasi, kelarutan

Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif

11 atom

11.1 Panggil atom

7690

3 117

11.4 Konfigurasi elektron

[Xe] 4F ¹⁴ 5d ⁶ 6s ²

[Rn] 6D ² 7s ²

11.5 Struktur Crystal

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

Face tengah kubik (FCC)

11.5.1 Crystal pola

11.6 atom

11.6.1 Jumlah proton

7690

3 117

11.6.3 Jumlah Neutron

114142

4 184

11.6.5 Jumlah Èlèktron

7690

3 117

11.8 Radius saka Atom

11.8.1 Radius atom

133.80 pm179.80 pm

112 265

11.8.2 kovalen Radius

ora Sumadhiya206.00 pm

96 260

11.8.3 Van der Waals Radius

216.00 pm237.00 pm

139 348

11.9 Bobot atom

190.23 Amu232.04 Amu

6.94 294

11.10 Volume atom

8.49 cm3 / mol19.90 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

11.11 Nomer atom jejer

11.11.1 unsur Previous

11.11.2 Sabanjure unsur

11.12 Potensi Valence Electron

91.40 (-eV)59.30 (-eV)

8 392.42

11.13 Constant pola

273.44 pm508.42 pm

228.58 891.25

11.14 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

π/2, π/2, π/2

11.15 Pola C / A rasio

1.58ora Sumadhiya

1.567 1.886

12 Teknik

12.1 Kapadhetan

12.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

22.59 g / cm ³11.72 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

12.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

20.00 g / cm3ora Sumadhiya

0.512 20

12.2 Strength tensile

1,000.00 MPaora Sumadhiya

2.5 11000

12.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

12.4 meksa beluk

12.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.47E-11 121

12.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

1.2 situs kelenturan

1.2.1 nyukur pengaturan

222.00 GPA31.00 GPA

1.3 222

1.2.3 pengaturan akeh

462.00 GPA54.00 GPA

1.6 462

1.4.1 Young kang pengaturan

ora Sumadhiya79.00 GPA

1.7 528

1.6 Poisson rasio

0.250.27

0.032 0.47

1.8 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile

2 Magnetic

2.1 Ciri Magnetic

2.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

22.5711.70

0.53 4500

2.1.3 Nindakake Magnetic

paramagnetic

2.1.4 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

2.1.5 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

2.2 Properties Listrik

2.2.1 Property Listrik

Arman

superconductor

2.2.2 resistivity

81.20 nΩ · m157.00 nΩ · m

0.18 961

2.4.1 konduktivitas listrik

0.11 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.07 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

2.4.2 elektron Affinity

106.10 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

0 222.8

3 termal

3.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.13 J / (kg K)0.12 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

3.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

24.70 J / mol · K26.23 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

3.3 doyo termal

87.60 W / m · K54.00 W / m · K

6.3 429

3.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

3.5 Expansion termal

5.10 μm / (m · K)11.00 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

3.6 enthalpy

3.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

627.60 kJ / mol429.00 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

3.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

29.30 kJ / mol15.48 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

3.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

669.00 kJ / mol468.60 kJ / mol

61.5 837

3.7 Standard molar Entropy

32.60 J / mol.K27.30 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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