Panerapan mungsuh calcium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Ga
Ca
Panggil Group
13
5
2
16
Panggil periode
4
4
Block
p pemblokiran
s pemblokiran
Family unsur
Transisi Post-
alkalin bumi
CAS Number
7440553
32
7440702
21
Jeneng papan Group
Cmca
Fm_ 3M
Space Group Number
64.00
9
225.00
2
facts
Facts Interesting
- A gram saka logam Gallium bisa tuku mung telung dolar.
- Panerapan logam ketemu ing ores bab ing ngisor iki Coal, Bauksit, Diaspore, sphalerite, germanite lan Seng.
- Calcium rangking Alexa 5th ing dhaftar turah mbrawah bumi persentasi.
- Iki urip ing negara senyawa.
- Gypsum utawa calcium sulfat digunakake minangka plester lan plester saka paris.
sumber
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Humphry Davy
Discovery
ing taun 1875
ing taun 1808
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
1 * 10-6 %
16
7 * 10-3 %
3
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.000004 %
16
~0.007 %
4
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
16
1.10 %
4
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
24
5.00 %
3
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
22
0.00 %
5
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiya
1.40 %
1
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- Panerapan arsenida punika komponèn penting banget akeh semikonduktor lan manufaktur mimpin.
- Panerapan nitride uga ngerti minangka semikonduktor lan digunakake ing teknologi Blu-ray, Smartphone mobile lan LED.
Character length exceed error
Ulah Industrial
Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industri Kimia
Ulah Medical
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Dentistry, Industry Pharmaceutical
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
non Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ya
Sang
0.08 Sang / mg dm-3
13
60.50 Sang / mg dm-3
4
ing Bone
ora Sumadhiya
170,000.00 ppm
1
fisik Properties
leleh Point
29.78 ° C
99+
839.00 ° C
99+
Boiling Point
2,403.00 ° C
99+
1,484.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
Gray
luster
metallic
NA
atose
Mohs atose
1.50
18
1.75
17
Brinell atose
56.80 MPa
99+
170.00 MPa
99+
Kacepetan swara
2,740.00 m / s
31
3,810.00 m / s
19
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Ga
Ca
isotop
Isotop dikenal
24
15
19
20
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.81
15
1.00
99+
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
2.42
2
0.95
24
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.82
1
1.04
34
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
2.01
5
1.08
17
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.76
14
1.03
39
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.19
39
3.00
9
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
578.80 kJ / mol
99+
589.80 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,979.30 kJ / mol
13
1,145.40 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,963.00 kJ / mol
28
4,912.40 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 4
6,180.00 kJ / mol
8
6,491.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiya
8,153.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 6th
ora Sumadhiya
10,496.00 kJ / mol
8
tingkat Energy 7
ora Sumadhiya
12,270.00 kJ / mol
12
Level Energy 8
ora Sumadhiya
14,206.00 kJ / mol
15
Level Energy 9
ora Sumadhiya
18,191.00 kJ / mol
12
Level Energy 10th
ora Sumadhiya
20,385.00 kJ / mol
16
Level Energy 11
ora Sumadhiya
57,110.00 kJ / mol
3
Level Energy 12
ora Sumadhiya
63,410.00 kJ / mol
3
Level Energy 13
ora Sumadhiya
70,110.00 kJ / mol
3
Level Energy 14
ora Sumadhiya
78,890.00 kJ / mol
4
Level Energy 15
ora Sumadhiya
86,310.00 kJ / mol
5
Level Energy 16
ora Sumadhiya
94,000.00 kJ / mol
6
Level Energy 17
ora Sumadhiya
104,900.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 18
ora Sumadhiya
111,711.00 kJ / mol
8
padha karo elektrokimia
0.87 g / amp-day
99+
0.75 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
4.20 eV
23
2.87 eV
38
Properties Kimia liyane
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
Kimia Stabilitas, Flammability, ionisasi, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
31
99+
20
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Ar] 3d 10 4s 2 4p 1
[Ar] 4s 2
Struktur Crystal
Orthorhombic (Orth)
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Crystal pola
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Gallium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Calcium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
31
99+
20
99+
Jumlah Neutron
39
99+
20
99+
Jumlah Èlèktron
31
99+
20
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
135.00 pm
99+
197.00 pm
6
kovalen Radius
122.00 pm
99+
176.00 pm
22
Van der Waals Radius
187.00 pm
32
231.00 pm
19
Bobot atom
69.72 Amu
99+
40.08 Amu
99+
Volume atom
11.80 cm3 / mol
99+
29.90 cm3 / mol
7
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
69.70 (-eV)
19
29.00 (-eV)
99+
Constant pola
451.97 pm
18
558.84 pm
9
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
5.91 g / cm 3
99+
1.55 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
6.10 g / cm3
99+
1.38 g / cm3
99+
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
15
25.50 (Pa)
3
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
ora Sumadhiya
7.40 GPA
99+
pengaturan akeh
ora Sumadhiya
17.00 GPA
99+
Young kang pengaturan
9.80 GPA
99+
20.00 GPA
99+
Poisson rasio
0.47
1
0.31
13
Properties Teknik liyane
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
5.91
99+
4.58
99+
Nindakake Magnetic
diamagnetic
diamagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Semiconductor
Arman
resistivity
270.00 nΩ · m
15
33.60 nΩ · m
99+
konduktivitas listrik
0.07 10 6 / cm Ω
29
0.30 10 6 / cm Ω
6
elektron Affinity
28.90 kJ / mol
31
2.37 kJ / mol
39
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.37 J / (kg K)
16
0.63 J / (kg K)
7
Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.86 J / mol · K
35
25.93 J / mol · K
34
doyo termal
40.60 W / m · K
34
201.00 W / m · K
5
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
18.00 μm / (m · K)
24
22.30 μm / (m · K)
19
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
256.10 kJ / mol
36
150.00 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka Fusion
5.59 kJ / mol
99+
8.54 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka atomization
276.10 kJ / mol
39
184.00 kJ / mol
99+
Standard molar Entropy
40.80 J / mol.K
38
41.60 J / mol.K
36
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