rubidium mungsuh Nickel
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Rb
Ni
Panggil Group
1
17
10
8
Panggil periode
5
4
Block
s pemblokiran
d block
Family unsur
alkali
transisi Metal
CAS Number
7440177
99+
7440020
99+
Jeneng papan Group
3M Im_
Fm_ 3M
Space Group Number
229.00
1
225.00
2
facts
Facts Interesting
- Rubidium logam unsur 16 paling umum ditemokake ing lemah ndhuwur bumi.
- metal Rubidium uga ditemokake ing mineral uga banyu segara.
- Seng logam ketemu (diwenehi) ing akeh formulir kaya granules, foil, bledug lan ing wangun bubuk.
- Sawise wesi, Seng logam kaloro paling akeh ing kerak bumi.
sumber
Dijupuk saka Produksi Lithium.
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
Axel Fredrik Cronstedt
Discovery
ing 1861
ing 1751
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
1 * 10-6 %
16
6 * 10-3 %
4
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.000003 %
17
~0.008 %
3
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
19
1.30 %
3
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.01 %
18
0.01 %
15
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
7
0.00 %
13
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.00 %
7
0.00 %
14
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- aplikasi utama Rubidium iku ing Manufaktur kaca.
- Rubidium bisa banget gampang njaluk ionized lan Empu iku digunakake kanggo mesin ion, nanging isih kurang efisien tinimbang sing saka Caesium.
- Wis resistance karat lan Empu iku digunakake kanggo piring logam.
- wesi banget migunani; alloy Nichrome digunakake ing kumparan panas saka toasters lan open listrik.
Ulah Industrial
NA
Industry automobile, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
NA
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi, tujuan Research
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ya
Sang
2.49 Sang / mg dm-3
7
0.05 Sang / mg dm-3
17
ing Bone
5.00 ppm
13
0.70 ppm
18
fisik Properties
leleh Point
38.89 ° C
99+
1,453.00 ° C
31
Boiling Point
688.00 ° C
99+
2,732.00 ° C
38
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
klawu putih
Silver
luster
NA
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
0.30
24
4.00
10
Brinell atose
0.22 MPa
99+
667.00 MPa
18
Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya
638.00 MPa
16
Kacepetan swara
1,300.00 m / s
99+
4,900.00 m / s
12
Properties Optical
reflectivity
ora Sumadhiya
72.00 %
9
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Rb
Ni
isotop
Isotop dikenal
29
10
25
14
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
0.82
99+
1.91
10
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
0.31
32
1.94
10
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
0.89
40
1.75
3
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
0.69
24
ora Sumadhiya
Allen Elektronegativitas
0.71
99+
1.88
6
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.18
3
2.09
99+
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
403.00 kJ / mol
99+
737.10 kJ / mol
25
Level Energy 2
2,633.00 kJ / mol
6
1,753.00 kJ / mol
25
Level Energy 3rd
3,860.00 kJ / mol
11
3,395.00 kJ / mol
17
Level Energy 4
5,080.00 kJ / mol
18
5,300.00 kJ / mol
15
Level Energy 5th
6,850.00 kJ / mol
19
7,339.00 kJ / mol
15
Level Energy 6th
8,140.00 kJ / mol
20
10,400.00 kJ / mol
9
tingkat Energy 7
9,570.00 kJ / mol
20
12,800.00 kJ / mol
10
Level Energy 8
13,120.00 kJ / mol
17
15,600.00 kJ / mol
10
Level Energy 9
14,500.00 kJ / mol
18
18,600.00 kJ / mol
10
Level Energy 10th
26,740.00 kJ / mol
6
21,670.00 kJ / mol
14
Level Energy 11
ora Sumadhiya
30,970.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 12
ora Sumadhiya
34,000.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 13
ora Sumadhiya
37,100.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 14
ora Sumadhiya
41,500.00 kJ / mol
8
Level Energy 15
ora Sumadhiya
44,800.00 kJ / mol
10
Level Energy 16
ora Sumadhiya
48,100.00 kJ / mol
12
Level Energy 17
ora Sumadhiya
55,101.00 kJ / mol
11
Level Energy 18
ora Sumadhiya
58,570.00 kJ / mol
12
Level Energy 19
ora Sumadhiya
148,700.00 kJ / mol
1
Level Energy 20
ora Sumadhiya
159,000.00 kJ / mol
3
Level Energy 21
ora Sumadhiya
169,400.00 kJ / mol
3
Level Energy 22
ora Sumadhiya
182,700.00 kJ / mol
2
Level Energy 23rd
ora Sumadhiya
194,000.00 kJ / mol
2
padha karo elektrokimia
3.19 g / amp-day
14
1.10 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
2.16 eV
99+
5.15 eV
2
Properties Kimia liyane
Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
atom Properties
Panggil atom
37
99+
28
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Kr] 5S 1
[Ar] 3d 8 4s 2 Utawa [Ar] 3d 9 4s 1
Struktur Crystal
Body tengah kubik (Bcc)
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Crystal pola
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Nickel.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
37
99+
28
99+
Jumlah Neutron
48
99+
31
99+
Jumlah Èlèktron
37
99+
28
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
248.00 pm
2
124.00 pm
99+
kovalen Radius
220.00 pm
4
124.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
303.00 pm
3
163.00 pm
40
Bobot atom
85.47 Amu
99+
58.69 Amu
99+
Volume atom
55.90 cm3 / mol
2
6.59 cm3 / mol
99+
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
9.47 (-eV)
99+
42.00 (-eV)
99+
Constant pola
558.50 pm
10
352.40 pm
99+
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
1.53 g / cm 3
99+
8.91 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
1.46 g / cm3
99+
7.81 g / cm3
29
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
345.00 MPa
11
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 (Pa)
31
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya
19.50 (Pa)
6
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
ora Sumadhiya
76.00 GPA
12
pengaturan akeh
2.50 GPA
99+
180.00 GPA
9
Young kang pengaturan
2.40 GPA
99+
200.00 GPA
11
Poisson rasio
ora Sumadhiya
0.31
13
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile
ductile
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
1.53
99+
8.90
33
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
Ferromagnetic
permeabilitas
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 H / m
2
kelemahan
ora Sumadhiya
600.00
2
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
128.00 nΩ · m
26
69.30 nΩ · m
39
konduktivitas listrik
0.08 10 6 / cm Ω
24
0.14 10 6 / cm Ω
13
elektron Affinity
46.90 kJ / mol
24
112.00 kJ / mol
6
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.36 J / (kg K)
17
0.44 J / (kg K)
13
Graham Kapasitas kalor
31.06 J / mol · K
5
26.07 J / mol · K
31
doyo termal
58.20 W / m · K
26
90.90 W / m · K
18
suhu kritis
2,093.00 K
4
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
90.00 μm / (m · K)
2
13.40 μm / (m · K)
28
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
69.20 kJ / mol
99+
371.80 kJ / mol
20
Enthalpy saka Fusion
2.19 kJ / mol
99+
17.57 kJ / mol
14
Enthalpy saka atomization
82.00 kJ / mol
99+
422.60 kJ / mol
17
Standard molar Entropy
76.80 J / mol.K
5
29.90 J / mol.K
99+
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