thulium mungsuh Praseodymium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Tm
Pr
Panggil Group
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Panggil periode
6
6
Block
pemblokiran f
pemblokiran f
Family unsur
lanthanide
lanthanide
CAS Number
7440304
99+
7440100
99+
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- Thulium logam bisa nolak karat amarga hawa sing garing.
- Mung TM-169 isotop saka logam Thulium kelakon alamiah.
- Praseodymium logam sintetik diprodhuksi logam.
- Praseodymium digunakake minangka bahan bakar kanggo generator radioaktif.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Per Teodor Cleve
Not Available
Discovery
ing taun 1879
ing taun 1885
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
1 * 10-8 %
30
2 * 10-7 %
22
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.00000002 %
28
~0.0000001 %
26
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
40
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
27
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
39
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- Thulium metal ngasilaké isotop sing mancaraken sinar-X. isotop iki digunakake ing mesin X-ray.
- Thulium unsur uga digunakake ing peralatan Surgical kaya laser.
- Gunakake utama Praseodymium kalebu wesi. Praseodymium -Magnesium alloy digunakake ing mesin pesawat amarga kekuatan dhuwur.
- metal iki uga digunakake nalika nggawe wesi sembrani permanen.
Ulah Industrial
NA
Industri Kimia
Ulah Medical
NA
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
Unknown
arep Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ora
Ora
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,545.00 ° C
23
935.00 ° C
99+
Boiling Point
1,730.00 ° C
99+
3,130.00 ° C
27
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Gray
klawu putih
luster
metallic
metallic
atose
Brinell atose
471.00 MPa
25
481.00 MPa
24
Vickers atose
520.00 MPa
21
400.00 MPa
25
Kacepetan swara
ora Sumadhiya
2,280.00 m / s
40
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Tm
Pr
isotop
Isotop dikenal
32
7
31
8
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.25
35
1.13
99+
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.11
29
1.07
32
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.75
19
2.87
12
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
596.70 kJ / mol
99+
527.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,160.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,020.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,285.00 kJ / mol
99+
2,086.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
4,120.00 kJ / mol
33
3,761.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiya
5,551.00 kJ / mol
29
padha karo elektrokimia
2.10 g / amp-day
26
1.75 g / amp-day
40
Fungsi Work elektron
ora Sumadhiya
2.70 eV
99+
Properties Kimia liyane
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
atom Properties
Panggil atom
69
99+
59
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 13 6s 2
[Xe] 4F 3 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Thulium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Praseodymium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
69
99+
59
99+
Jumlah Neutron
100
32
82
99+
Jumlah Èlèktron
69
99+
59
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
176.00 pm
18
182.00 pm
11
kovalen Radius
160.00 pm
30
203.00 pm
9
Van der Waals Radius
ora Sumadhiya
239.00 pm
14
Bobot atom
168.93 Amu
99+
140.91 Amu
99+
Volume atom
18.10 cm3 / mol
28
20.80 cm3 / mol
15
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
49.70 (-eV)
28
42.64 (-eV)
99+
Constant pola
353.75 pm
40
367.25 pm
29
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
1.57
17
1.61
4
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
9.32 g / cm 3
40
6.77 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
8.56 g / cm3
24
6.50 g / cm3
39
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.06 (Pa)
10
0.00 (Pa)
25
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya
13.20 (Pa)
7
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
30.50 GPA
22
14.80 GPA
39
pengaturan akeh
44.50 GPA
26
28.80 GPA
40
Young kang pengaturan
74.00 GPA
27
37.30 GPA
99+
Poisson rasio
0.21
31
0.28
16
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
9.32
31
6.77
99+
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
676.00 nΩ · m
5
0.70 nΩ · m
99+
konduktivitas listrik
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
elektron Affinity
50.00 kJ / mol
21
50.00 kJ / mol
21
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.16 J / (kg K)
35
0.19 J / (kg K)
32
Graham Kapasitas kalor
27.03 J / mol · K
22
27.20 J / mol · K
18
doyo termal
16.90 W / m · K
99+
12.50 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
13.30 μm / (m · K)
29
6.70 μm / (m · K)
99+
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
191.00 kJ / mol
99+
296.80 kJ / mol
29
Enthalpy saka Fusion
16.80 kJ / mol
17
6.89 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka atomization
247.00 kJ / mol
99+
368.00 kJ / mol
24
Standard molar Entropy
74.00 J / mol.K
9
73.20 J / mol.K
10
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