Praseodymium mungsuh thulium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Pr
Tm
Panggil Group
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Panggil periode
6
6
Block
pemblokiran f
pemblokiran f
Family unsur
lanthanide
lanthanide
CAS Number
7440100
99+
7440304
99+
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- Praseodymium logam sintetik diprodhuksi logam.
- Praseodymium digunakake minangka bahan bakar kanggo generator radioaktif.
- Thulium logam bisa nolak karat amarga hawa sing garing.
- Mung TM-169 isotop saka logam Thulium kelakon alamiah.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Not Available
Per Teodor Cleve
Discovery
ing taun 1885
ing taun 1879
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
1 * 10-8 %
30
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~0.00000002 %
28
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
40
0.00 %
99+
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
27
0.00 %
99+
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
39
0.00 %
99+
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- Gunakake utama Praseodymium kalebu wesi. Praseodymium -Magnesium alloy digunakake ing mesin pesawat amarga kekuatan dhuwur.
- metal iki uga digunakake nalika nggawe wesi sembrani permanen.
- Thulium metal ngasilaké isotop sing mancaraken sinar-X. isotop iki digunakake ing mesin X-ray.
- Thulium unsur uga digunakake ing peralatan Surgical kaya laser.
Ulah Industrial
Industri Kimia
NA
Ulah Medical
NA
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
Properties biologi
keracunan
arep Toxic
Unknown
Saiki ing badan Human
Ora
Ora
fisik Properties
leleh Point
935.00 ° C
99+
1,545.00 ° C
23
Boiling Point
3,130.00 ° C
27
1,730.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
klawu putih
perak Gray
luster
metallic
metallic
atose
Brinell atose
481.00 MPa
24
471.00 MPa
25
Vickers atose
400.00 MPa
25
520.00 MPa
21
Kacepetan swara
2,280.00 m / s
40
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Pr
Tm
isotop
Isotop dikenal
31
8
32
7
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.13
99+
1.25
35
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.07
32
1.11
29
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.87
12
2.75
19
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
527.00 kJ / mol
99+
596.70 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,020.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,160.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,086.00 kJ / mol
99+
2,285.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
3,761.00 kJ / mol
99+
4,120.00 kJ / mol
33
Level Energy 5th
5,551.00 kJ / mol
29
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
1.75 g / amp-day
40
2.10 g / amp-day
26
Fungsi Work elektron
2.70 eV
99+
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Kimia liyane
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
59
99+
69
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 3 6s 2
[Xe] 4F 13 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Praseodymium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Thulium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
59
99+
69
99+
Jumlah Neutron
82
99+
100
32
Jumlah Èlèktron
59
99+
69
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
182.00 pm
11
176.00 pm
18
kovalen Radius
203.00 pm
9
160.00 pm
30
Van der Waals Radius
239.00 pm
14
ora Sumadhiya
Bobot atom
140.91 Amu
99+
168.93 Amu
99+
Volume atom
20.80 cm3 / mol
15
18.10 cm3 / mol
28
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
42.64 (-eV)
99+
49.70 (-eV)
28
Constant pola
367.25 pm
29
353.75 pm
40
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
1.61
4
1.57
17
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
6.77 g / cm 3
99+
9.32 g / cm 3
40
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
6.50 g / cm3
39
8.56 g / cm3
24
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
25
0.06 (Pa)
10
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
13.20 (Pa)
7
ora Sumadhiya
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
14.80 GPA
39
30.50 GPA
22
pengaturan akeh
28.80 GPA
40
44.50 GPA
26
Young kang pengaturan
37.30 GPA
99+
74.00 GPA
27
Poisson rasio
0.28
16
0.21
31
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
6.77
99+
9.32
31
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
0.70 nΩ · m
99+
676.00 nΩ · m
5
konduktivitas listrik
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
elektron Affinity
50.00 kJ / mol
21
50.00 kJ / mol
21
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.19 J / (kg K)
32
0.16 J / (kg K)
35
Graham Kapasitas kalor
27.20 J / mol · K
18
27.03 J / mol · K
22
doyo termal
12.50 W / m · K
99+
16.90 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
6.70 μm / (m · K)
99+
13.30 μm / (m · K)
29
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
296.80 kJ / mol
29
191.00 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka Fusion
6.89 kJ / mol
99+
16.80 kJ / mol
17
Enthalpy saka atomization
368.00 kJ / mol
24
247.00 kJ / mol
99+
Standard molar Entropy
73.20 J / mol.K
10
74.00 J / mol.K
9
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