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Actinium Bismuth Comparison

Actinium
Bismuth
Bismuth Actinium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ac  
Bi  
Group Number
3  
15
15  
3
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
f block  
p block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440348  
99+
7440699  
22
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
C12/m1  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
12.00  
15
Facts
Interesting Facts
Actinium glows in the dark due to its radioactivity.  
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
  
Sources
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Friedrich Oskar Giesel  
Claude François Geoffroy  
Discovery
In 1902  
In 1753  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
34
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
14
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
  
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3  
20
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.20 p.p.m.  
27
Physical
Melting Point
1,227.00 °C  
38
271.30 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
3,200.00 °C  
27
1,560.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silver  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50  
5
2.25  
16
Brinell Hardness
70.00 MPa  
99+
70.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
260.00 MPa  
99+
30.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
3,430.00 m/s  
32
1,790.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.00  
99+
2.50  
5
Reflectivity
62.00 %  
21
70.00 %  
13
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ac  
Bi  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29  
10
33  
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
2.02  
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.10  
38
2.34  
3
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.00  
37
1.67  
7
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
2.15  
8
Allen Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
2.01  
5
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.90  
10
1.98  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
35
2nd Energy Level
1,170.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,610.00 kJ/mol  
34
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,466.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
4,700.00 kJ/mol  
33
4,370.00 kJ/mol  
38
5th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
5,750.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,520.00 kJ/mol  
29
7th Energy level
5,750.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
5,750.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
37
9th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
34
10th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
38
11th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
36
12th Energy Level
49,900.00 kJ/mol  
21
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
32
14th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
22
15th Energy Level
49,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,300.00 kJ/mol  
28
16th Energy Level
49,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,300.00 kJ/mol  
23
17th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
34
19th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
40
20th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
34
21st Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
25
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
12
22nd Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
28
23rd Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
29
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
10
24th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
27
25th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
29
26th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
28
27th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
29
28th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
34
29th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
35
30th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
29
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.82 g/amp-hr  
22
2.60 g/amp-hr  
23
Electron Work Function
4.38 eV  
23
4.22 eV  
29
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
89  
29
83  
33
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 6d1 7s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Rhombohedral (RHO)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Actinium.jpg#100  
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
89  
29
83  
33
Number of Neutrons
138  
17
126  
19
Number of Electrons
89  
29
83  
33
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
195.00 pm  
9
156.00 pm  
31
Covalent Radius
186.00 pm  
21
148.00 pm  
38
Van der Waals Radius
215.00 pm  
31
207.00 pm  
33
Atomic Weight
227.00 amu  
25
208.98 amu  
29
Atomic Volume
22.54 cm3/mol  
20
21.30 cm3/mol  
23
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Radium
  
Lead
  
Next Element
Thorium
  
Polonium
  
Valence Electron Potential
38.60 (-eV)  
99+
41.90 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
567.00 pm  
9
667.40 pm  
2
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.89  
2
1.86  
4
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
10.00 g/cm3  
40
9.78 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.07 g/cm3  
40
10.05 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
65.00 MPa  
33
32.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
29
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
24
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
25.00 GPa  
38
12.00 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
94.00 GPa  
17
31.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
130.00 GPa  
16
32.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.34  
10
0.33  
11
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
10.07  
99+
9.79  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
20
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
36
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Semiconductor  
Resistivity
5.20 nΩ·m  
99+
1.29 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.15 106/cm Ω  
13
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
33.20 kJ/mol  
34
91.20 kJ/mol  
13
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K  
24
25.52 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
12.00 W/m·K  
99+
7.97 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
544.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
12.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
13.40 µm/(m·K)  
34
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
151.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.20 kJ/mol  
28
10.90 kJ/mol  
39
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol  
99+
207.10 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
56.50 J/mol.K  
33
56.70 J/mol.K  
32
Summary >>
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Actinide Series

Actinide Series

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