Actinium Chromium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ac
Cr
Group Number
Not Available
6
12
Period Number
7
4
Block
f block
d block
Element Family
Actinide
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440348
99+
7440473
39
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
225.00
2
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available
- Chromium is highly reactive, hence it is not found free in nature.
- Ores of Chromites mineral are the major source of Chromium metal.
- Almost 90% leather tanning is done with the help of chromium.
Sources
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Friedrich Oskar Giesel
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin
Discovery
In 1902
In Between 1797 - 1798
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
1.5 * 10-3 %
7
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.002 %
7
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.30 %
7
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
0.01 %
13
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
16
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
16
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
- It is used to harden the steel and produces a stainless steel and other various alloys.
- It is also used to give proper finish to polished mirrors. Its chromium plates are used in bathroom fittings.
Industrial Uses
NA
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
0.11 Blood/mg dm-3
12
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
0.33 p.p.m.
21
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,227.00 °C
38
1,857.00 °C
14
Boiling Point
3,200.00 °C
26
2,672.00 °C
39
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silver
Luster
NA
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
8.50
1
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
687.00 MPa
16
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
1,060.00 MPa
10
Speed of Sound
Not Available
5,940.00 m/s
5
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ac
Cr
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
29
10
21
18
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.10
99+
1.66
18
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
1.66
14
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.00
36
1.56
10
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
1.65
19
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.90
10
2.34
36
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol
99+
26,130.00 kJ/mol
1
2nd Energy Level
1,170.00 kJ/mol
99+
28,750.00 kJ/mol
1
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol
99+
34,230.00 kJ/mol
1
4th Energy Level
4,700.00 kJ/mol
23
37,066.00 kJ/mol
1
5th Energy Level
Not Available
97,510.00 kJ/mol
1
6th Energy Level
Not Available
105,800.00 kJ/mol
1
7th Energy level
Not Available
114,300.00 kJ/mol
1
8th Energy Level
Not Available
125,300.00 kJ/mol
1
9th Energy Level
Not Available
134,700.00 kJ/mol
1
10th Energy Level
Not Available
144,300.00 kJ/mol
1
11th Energy Level
Not Available
26,130.00 kJ/mol
12
12th Energy Level
Not Available
28,750.00 kJ/mol
13
13th Energy Level
Not Available
34,230.00 kJ/mol
10
14th Energy Level
Not Available
37,066.00 kJ/mol
12
15th Energy Level
Not Available
97,510.00 kJ/mol
1
16th Energy Level
Not Available
105,800.00 kJ/mol
2
17th Energy Level
Not Available
114,300.00 kJ/mol
3
18th Energy Level
Not Available
125,300.00 kJ/mol
4
19th Energy Level
Not Available
134,700.00 kJ/mol
5
20th Energy Level
Not Available
144,300.00 kJ/mol
7
21st Energy Level
Not Available
157,700.00 kJ/mol
7
22nd Energy Level
Not Available
166,090.00 kJ/mol
6
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.82 g/amp-hr
18
0.32 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available
4.50 eV
14
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
89
29
24
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 6d1 7s2
[Ar] 3d5 4s1
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Actinium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
89
29
24
99+
Number of Neutrons
138
16
28
99+
Number of Electrons
89
29
24
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
195.00 pm
7
128.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
Not Available
139.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
227.00 amu
25
52.00 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
22.54 cm3/mol
11
7.23 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
38.60 (-eV)
99+
170.00 (-eV)
4
Lattice Constant
567.00 pm
8
291.00 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
10.00 g/cm3
37
7.19 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
6.30 g/cm3
40
Tensile Strength
Not Available
689.00 MPa
7
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
24
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
774.00 (Pa)
1
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
115.00 GPa
9
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
160.00 GPa
11
Young's Modulus
Not Available
279.00 GPa
8
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.21
32
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
10.07
28
7.19
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Antiferromagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Unknown
NA
Resistivity
Not Available
125.00 nΩ·m
27
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
0.08 106/cm Ω
25
Electron Affinity
Not Available
64.30 kJ/mol
15
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
0.45 J/(kg K)
12
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K
18
23.35 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
12.00 W/m·K
99+
93.90 W/m·K
17
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
4.90 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
348.80 kJ/mol
24
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
15.31 kJ/mol
20
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol
36
397.50 kJ/mol
21
Standard Molar Entropy
56.50 J/mol.K
25
23.80 J/mol.K
99+
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