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Chromium vs Curium

Chromium
Curium
Curium vs Chromium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Cr  
Cm  
Group Number
6  
12
Not Available  
Period Number
4  
7  
Block
d block  
f block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7440473  
39
7440519  
36
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
Not Available  
Space Group Number
229.00  
1
Not Available  
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Chromium is highly reactive, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Ores of Chromites mineral are the major source of Chromium metal.
  • Almost 90% leather tanning is done with the help of chromium.
  
  • Curium metal does not occur free in nature.
  • Curium metal is a synthetically produced metal.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
Bombarding Plutonium with Helium Ions  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin  
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Albert Ghiorso  
Discovery
In Between 1797 - 1798  
In 1944  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
1.5 * 10-3 %  
7
Not Available  
Abundance In Sun
~0.002 %  
7
~-9999 %  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.30 %  
7
Not Available  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %  
13
Not Available  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
16
Not Available  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
16
Not Available  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is used to harden the steel and produces a stainless steel and other various alloys.
  • It is also used to give proper finish to polished mirrors. Its chromium plates are used in bathroom fittings.
  
  • Curium metal is used to provide power to electrical equipment for space missions.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry  
NA  
Medical Uses
NA  
NA  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
Unknown  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.11 Blood/mg dm-3  
12
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
0.33 p.p.m.  
21
0.00 p.p.m.  
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,857.00 °C  
14
1,340.00 °C  
34
Boiling Point
2,672.00 °C  
39
3,110.00 °C  
30
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
Silver  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
8.50  
1
Not Available  
Brinell Hardness
687.00 MPa  
16
Not Available  
Vickers Hardness
1,060.00 MPa  
10
Not Available  
Speed of Sound
5,940.00 m/s  
5
Not Available  
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Cr  
Cm  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
21  
18
15  
24
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.66  
18
1.30  
32
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.66  
14
Not Available  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.56  
10
1.20  
27
Allen Electronegativity
1.65  
19
Not Available  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.34  
36
2.70  
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
26,130.00 kJ/mol  
1
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
28,750.00 kJ/mol  
1
1,196.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
34,230.00 kJ/mol  
1
2,026.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
37,066.00 kJ/mol  
1
3,550.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
97,510.00 kJ/mol  
1
Not Available  
6th Energy Level
105,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
Not Available  
7th Energy level
114,300.00 kJ/mol  
1
Not Available  
8th Energy Level
125,300.00 kJ/mol  
1
Not Available  
9th Energy Level
134,700.00 kJ/mol  
1
Not Available  
10th Energy Level
144,300.00 kJ/mol  
1
Not Available  
11th Energy Level
26,130.00 kJ/mol  
12
Not Available  
12th Energy Level
28,750.00 kJ/mol  
13
Not Available  
13th Energy Level
34,230.00 kJ/mol  
10
Not Available  
14th Energy Level
37,066.00 kJ/mol  
12
Not Available  
15th Energy Level
97,510.00 kJ/mol  
1
Not Available  
16th Energy Level
105,800.00 kJ/mol  
2
Not Available  
17th Energy Level
114,300.00 kJ/mol  
3
Not Available  
18th Energy Level
125,300.00 kJ/mol  
4
Not Available  
19th Energy Level
134,700.00 kJ/mol  
5
Not Available  
20th Energy Level
144,300.00 kJ/mol  
7
Not Available  
21st Energy Level
157,700.00 kJ/mol  
7
Not Available  
22nd Energy Level
166,090.00 kJ/mol  
6
Not Available  
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.32 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.07 g/amp-hr  
16
Electron Work Function
4.50 eV  
14
Not Available  
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
24  
99+
96  
22
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d5 4s1  
[Rn] 5f7 6d1 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Curium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
24  
99+
96  
22
Number of Neutrons
28  
99+
151  
10
Number of Electrons
24  
99+
96  
22
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
174.00 pm  
20
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
169.00 pm  
26
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
28
200.00 pm  
28
Atomic Weight
52.00 amu  
99+
247.00 amu  
18
Atomic Volume
7.23 cm3/mol  
99+
18.28 cm3/mol  
26
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Vanadium
  
Americium
  
Next Element
Manganese
  
Berkelium
  
Valence Electron Potential
170.00 (-eV)  
4
44.50 (-eV)  
38
Lattice Constant
291.00 pm  
99+
Not Available  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
NA  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.19 g/cm3  
99+
13.51 g/cm3  
25
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.30 g/cm3  
40
13.85 g/cm3  
10
Tensile Strength
689.00 MPa  
7
Not Available  
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
774.00 (Pa)  
1
Not Available  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
115.00 GPa  
9
Not Available  
Bulk Modulus
160.00 GPa  
11
Not Available  
Young's Modulus
279.00 GPa  
8
Not Available  
Poisson Ratio
0.21  
32
Not Available  
Other Mechanical Properties
NA  
Unknown  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.19  
99+
13.51  
17
Magnetic Ordering
Antiferromagnetic  
Antiferromagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
NA  
Unknown  
Resistivity
125.00 nΩ·m  
27
1.25 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω  
25
Not Available  
Electron Affinity
64.30 kJ/mol  
15
Not Available  
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.45 J/(kg K)  
12
Not Available  
Molar Heat Capacity
23.35 J/mol·K  
99+
Not Available  
Thermal Conductivity
93.90 W/m·K  
17
Not Available  
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
4.90 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Not Available  
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
348.80 kJ/mol  
24
Not Available  
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.31 kJ/mol  
20
15.00 kJ/mol  
21
Enthalpy of Atomization
397.50 kJ/mol  
21
Not Available  
Standard Molar Entropy
23.80 J/mol.K  
99+
Not Available  
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