Symbol
Ac
  
Be
  
Group Number
Not Available
  
Period Number
7
  
2
  
Block
f block
  
s block
  
Element Family
Actinide
  
Alkaline Earth
  
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
  
P63/mmc
  
Interesting Facts
Not Available
  
- Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
- Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
- It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
  
Sources
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals
  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Friedrich Oskar Giesel
  
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin
  
Discovery
In 1902
  
In 1797
  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
  
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
  
~0.00000001 %
  
29
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
  
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
  
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
  
Uses & Benefits
- Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
  
- Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
- Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
  
Industrial Uses
NA
  
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
  
Medical Uses
NA
  
NA
  
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
  
Alloys
  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic
  
Toxic
  
Present in Human Body
No
  
Yes
  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
  
32
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
  
36
0.00 p.p.m.
  
32
Melting Point
1,227.00 °C
  
38
1,278.00 °C
  
36
Boiling Point
3,200.00 °C
  
26
2,970.00 °C
  
32
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid
  
Solid
  
Color
Silvery White
  
White Gray
  
Luster
NA
  
Metallic
  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
  
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
  
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
  
1,670.00 MPa
  
4
Speed of Sound
Not Available
  
12,890.00 m/s
  
2
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Ac
  
Be
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
899.50 kJ/mol
  
7
2nd Energy Level
1,170.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
1,757.10 kJ/mol
  
23
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
14,848.70 kJ/mol
  
2
4th Energy Level
4,700.00 kJ/mol
  
23
21,006.60 kJ/mol
  
2
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.82 g/amp-hr
  
18
0.17 g/amp-hr
  
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available
  
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
  
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
  
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 6d1 7s2
  
[He] 2s2
  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Actinium.jpg#100
  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100
  
Atom
  
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Covalent Radius
Not Available
  
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
  
Atomic Volume
22.54 cm3/mol
  
11
5.00 cm3/mol
  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Valence Electron Potential
38.60 (-eV)
  
99+
82.00 (-eV)
  
15
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
10.00 g/cm3
  
37
1.85 g/cm3
  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
  
1.69 g/cm3
  
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available
  
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
  
Young's Modulus
Not Available
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
  
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
  
NA
  
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
  
Diamagnetic
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Unknown
  
Semiconductor
  
Resistivity
Not Available
  
36.00 nΩ·m
  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
  
0.31 10
6/cm Ω
  
5
Electron Affinity
Not Available
  
0.00 kJ/mol
  
40
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
  
40
1.82 J/(kg K)
  
2
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K
  
18
16.44 J/mol·K
  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
12.00 W/m·K
  
99+
200.00 W/m·K
  
6
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
  
11.30 µm/(m·K)
  
34
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
  
294.70 kJ/mol
  
30
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
  
11.72 kJ/mol
  
30
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol
  
36
326.40 kJ/mol
  
30
Standard Molar Entropy
56.50 J/mol.K
  
25
9.50 J/mol.K
  
99+