Actinium vs Rubidium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ac
Rb
Group Number
Not Available
1
17
Period Number
7
5
Block
f block
s block
Element Family
Actinide
Alkali
CAS Number
7440348
99+
7440177
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
225.00
2
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available
- Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
- Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
Sources
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals
Obtained from Lithium Production.
History
Who Discovered
Friedrich Oskar Giesel
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
Discovery
In 1902
In 1861
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
1 * 10-6 %
16
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.000003 %
17
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.00 %
19
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
0.01 %
18
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
7
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
7
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
- Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
- Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
Industrial Uses
NA
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Alloys, Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
2.49 Blood/mg dm-3
7
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
5.00 p.p.m.
13
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,227.00 °C
38
38.89 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,200.00 °C
26
688.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Grayish White
Luster
NA
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
0.30
24
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
0.22 MPa
99+
Speed of Sound
Not Available
1,300.00 m/s
99+
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ac
Rb
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
29
10
29
10
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.10
99+
0.82
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
0.31
32
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.00
36
0.89
40
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
0.69
24
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
0.71
99+
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.90
10
3.18
3
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol
99+
403.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,170.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,633.00 kJ/mol
6
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol
99+
3,860.00 kJ/mol
11
4th Energy Level
4,700.00 kJ/mol
23
5,080.00 kJ/mol
18
5th Energy Level
Not Available
6,850.00 kJ/mol
19
6th Energy Level
Not Available
8,140.00 kJ/mol
20
7th Energy level
Not Available
9,570.00 kJ/mol
20
8th Energy Level
Not Available
13,120.00 kJ/mol
17
9th Energy Level
Not Available
14,500.00 kJ/mol
18
10th Energy Level
Not Available
26,740.00 kJ/mol
6
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.82 g/amp-hr
18
3.19 g/amp-hr
14
Electron Work Function
Not Available
2.16 eV
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
89
29
37
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 6d1 7s2
[Kr] 5s1
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Actinium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
89
29
37
99+
Number of Neutrons
138
16
48
99+
Number of Electrons
89
29
37
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
195.00 pm
7
248.00 pm
2
Covalent Radius
Not Available
220.00 pm
4
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
303.00 pm
3
Atomic Weight
227.00 amu
25
85.47 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
22.54 cm3/mol
11
55.90 cm3/mol
2
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
38.60 (-eV)
99+
9.47 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
567.00 pm
8
558.50 pm
10
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
10.00 g/cm3
37
1.53 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
1.46 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Elasticity properties
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
2.50 GPa
99+
Young's Modulus
Not Available
2.40 GPa
99+
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
10.07
28
1.53
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Unknown
Conductor
Resistivity
Not Available
128.00 nΩ·m
26
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
0.08 106/cm Ω
24
Electron Affinity
Not Available
46.90 kJ/mol
24
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
0.36 J/(kg K)
17
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K
18
31.06 J/mol·K
5
Thermal Conductivity
12.00 W/m·K
99+
58.20 W/m·K
26
Critical Temperature
Not Available
2,093.00 K
4
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
90.00 µm/(m·K)
2
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
69.20 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
2.19 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol
36
82.00 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
56.50 J/mol.K
25
76.80 J/mol.K
5
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