Aluminium vs Molybdenum
Periodic Table
Symbol
Al
Mo
Group Number
13
5
6
12
Period Number
3
5
Block
p block
d block
Element Family
Post-Transition
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7429905
99+
7439987
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
225.00
2
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Aluminum’s abundance percentage is more as it is found in more than 260 minerals.
- Pure Aluminum always reacts with oxygen rapidly.
- It is a good conductor of heat and electricity and used in transmission lines.
- Molybdenum is highly reactive metal, hence not found free in nature .
- Till 18th century Molybdenum element were often mistaken as a carbon or Lead.
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Earth's crust, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Hans Christian Oersted
Carl Wilhelm Scheele
Discovery
In 1825
In 1778
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-3 %
5
5 * 10-7 %
19
Abundance In Sun
~0.006 %
5
~0.0000009 %
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.91 %
5
0.00 %
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
8.10 %
1
0.00 %
39
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
6
0.00 %
9
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
10
0.00 %
14
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Aluminum is used in a various products; for example, cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aero plane parts, automobile parts, etc.
- Its alloys are used to make engine parts, drills, saw blade, etc.
- Lubricant additive made up of Molybdenum disulfide is commonly used in the industry. It is also used as a catalyst.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.39 Blood/mg dm-3
9
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
31
In Bone
27.00 p.p.m.
11
0.70 p.p.m.
18
Physical Properties
Melting Point
660.37 °C
99+
2,617.00 °C
5
Boiling Point
2,467.00 °C
99+
4,612.00 °C
9
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
2.75
13
5.50
7
Brinell Hardness
160.00 MPa
99+
1,370.00 MPa
7
Vickers Hardness
160.00 MPa
35
1,400.00 MPa
6
Speed of Sound
5,000.00 m/s
10
5,400.00 m/s
6
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
71.00 %
10
58.00 %
15
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Al
Mo
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
11
27
25
14
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.61
22
2.16
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.71
13
1.15
19
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.47
14
1.30
24
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.83
8
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
1.61
20
2.16
3
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.39
32
1.84
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
577.50 kJ/mol
99+
684.30 kJ/mol
37
2nd Energy Level
1,816.70 kJ/mol
19
1,560.00 kJ/mol
37
3rd Energy Level
2,744.80 kJ/mol
38
2,618.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
11,577.00 kJ/mol
3
4,480.00 kJ/mol
26
5th Energy Level
14,842.00 kJ/mol
2
5,257.00 kJ/mol
32
6th Energy Level
18,379.00 kJ/mol
2
6,640.80 kJ/mol
22
7th Energy level
23,326.00 kJ/mol
2
12,125.00 kJ/mol
13
8th Energy Level
27,465.00 kJ/mol
2
13,860.00 kJ/mol
16
9th Energy Level
31,853.00 kJ/mol
2
15,835.00 kJ/mol
16
10th Energy Level
38,473.00 kJ/mol
4
17,980.00 kJ/mol
18
11th Energy Level
42,647.00 kJ/mol
5
20,190.00 kJ/mol
17
12th Energy Level
Not Available
22,219.00 kJ/mol
15
13th Energy Level
Not Available
26,930.00 kJ/mol
13
14th Energy Level
Not Available
29,196.00 kJ/mol
13
15th Energy Level
Not Available
52,490.00 kJ/mol
7
16th Energy Level
Not Available
55,000.00 kJ/mol
8
17th Energy Level
Not Available
61,400.00 kJ/mol
9
18th Energy Level
Not Available
67,700.00 kJ/mol
9
19th Energy Level
Not Available
74,000.00 kJ/mol
9
20th Energy Level
Not Available
80,400.00 kJ/mol
10
21st Energy Level
Not Available
87,000.00 kJ/mol
9
22nd Energy Level
Not Available
93,400.00 kJ/mol
7
23rd Energy Level
Not Available
98,420.00 kJ/mol
6
24th Energy Level
Not Available
104,400.00 kJ/mol
2
25th Energy Level
Not Available
121,900.00 kJ/mol
1
26th Energy Level
Not Available
127,700.00 kJ/mol
1
27th Energy Level
Not Available
133,800.00 kJ/mol
1
28th Energy Level
Not Available
139,800.00 kJ/mol
1
29th Energy Level
Not Available
148,100.00 kJ/mol
1
30th Energy Level
Not Available
154,500.00 kJ/mol
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.34 g/amp-hr
99+
0.89 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.28 eV
19
4.60 eV
12
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
13
99+
42
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s2 3p1
[Kr] 4d5 5s1
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Aluminium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
13
99+
42
99+
Number of Neutrons
14
99+
54
99+
Number of Electrons
13
99+
42
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
143.00 pm
37
139.00 pm
39
Covalent Radius
121.00 pm
99+
154.00 pm
32
Van der Waals Radius
184.00 pm
34
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
26.98 amu
99+
95.95 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
10.00 cm3/mol
99+
9.40 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
80.70 (-eV)
17
88.60 (-eV)
13
Lattice Constant
404.95 pm
22
314.70 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
2.70 g/cm3
99+
10.28 g/cm3
36
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.38 g/cm3
99+
9.33 g/cm3
20
Tensile Strength
40.00 MPa
19
324.00 MPa
13
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
18
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
26
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
26.00 GPa
29
126.00 GPa
8
Bulk Modulus
76.00 GPa
18
230.00 GPa
6
Young's Modulus
70.00 GPa
28
329.00 GPa
6
Poisson Ratio
0.35
9
0.31
13
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Weldable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
2.72
99+
10.22
27
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m
4
Not Available
Susceptibility
0.00
3
Not Available
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Semiconductor
Resistivity
28.20 nΩ·m
99+
53.40 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.38 106/cm Ω
4
0.19 106/cm Ω
11
Electron Affinity
42.50 kJ/mol
26
71.90 kJ/mol
14
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.90 J/(kg K)
5
0.25 J/(kg K)
21
Molar Heat Capacity
24.20 J/mol·K
99+
24.06 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
237.00 W/m·K
4
138.00 W/m·K
12
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
23.10 µm/(m·K)
17
4.80 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
293.70 kJ/mol
31
594.10 kJ/mol
8
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.67 kJ/mol
35
27.61 kJ/mol
5
Enthalpy of Atomization
322.20 kJ/mol
31
653.00 kJ/mol
7
Standard Molar Entropy
28.30 J/mol.K
99+
28.70 J/mol.K
99+
|
||
|
||
|
