Symbol
Ba
  
Db
  
Period Number
6
  
7
  
Block
s block
  
d block
  
Element Family
Alkaline Earth
  
Transition Metal
  
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
  
Not Available
  
Space Group Number
Not Available
  
Interesting Facts
- Barium oxidizes very easily in the air.
- All toxic compounds of Barium can easily dissolve in water.
- Barium carbonate is used to produce a Rat poison and its other compound Barium nitrate is used in fireworks to produce green color.
  
- IUPAC allotted a temporary name to Dubnium metal as “ Unnilpentium”.
- In the production of Dubnium, thermal gradient chromatography is used.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
  
Produced by Bombarding Am243 with Ne22, Synthetically Produced
  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Carl Wilhelm Scheele
  
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
  
Discovery
In 1772
  
In 1968
  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
  
Abundance In Sun
~0.000001 %
  
18
~-9999 %
  
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
  
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
  
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
  
Uses & Benefits
- It is sued in chemical paint manufacturing and glass manufacturing.
-
Compounds of this metal are toxic; but still the barium sulfate is insoluble and given to patients suffering from digestive disorder.
  
- Currently known uses of Dubnium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
  
NA
  
Medical Uses
NA
  
NA
  
Other Uses
Alloys
  
Research Purposes
  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic
  
Unknown
  
Present in Human Body
Yes
  
No
  
In Blood
0.07 Blood/mg dm-3
  
15
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
  
37
In Bone
70.00 p.p.m.
  
9
0.00 p.p.m.
  
36
Melting Point
Not Available
  
Boiling Point
1,140.00 °C
  
99+
Not Available
  
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid
  
Solid
  
Color
Silvery Gray
  
Unknown
  
Luster
NA
  
Unknown Luster
  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
1,620.00 m/s
  
99+
Not Available
  
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Ba
  
Db
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available
  
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
502.90 kJ/mol
  
99+
664.80 kJ/mol
  
38
2nd Energy Level
965.20 kJ/mol
  
99+
1,546.70 kJ/mol
  
38
3rd Energy Level
3,600.00 kJ/mol
  
14
2,378.40 kJ/mol
  
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available
  
3,298.80 kJ/mol
  
99+
5th Energy Level
Not Available
  
4,305.20 kJ/mol
  
39
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.56 g/amp-hr
  
20
Not Available
  
Electron Work Function
Not Available
  
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
  
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s2
  
[Rn] 5f14 6d3 7s2
  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
  
Atom
  
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
  
Atomic Weight
137.33 amu
  
99+
Atomic Volume
39.24 cm3/mol
  
5
Not Available
  
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Valence Electron Potential
21.30 (-eV)
  
99+
Not Available
  
Lattice Constant
Not Available
  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
NA
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
3.51 g/cm3
  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
3.34 g/cm3
  
99+
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available
  
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
  
Young's Modulus
Not Available
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
  
Unknown
  
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
Not Available
  
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
  
Unknown
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor
  
Unknown
  
Resistivity
332.00 nΩ·m
  
13
Not Available
  
Electrical Conductivity
0.03 10
6/cm Ω
  
40
Not Available
  
Electron Affinity
13.95 kJ/mol
  
36
Not Available
  
Specific Heat
0.20 J/(kg K)
  
30
Not Available
  
Molar Heat Capacity
28.07 J/mol·K
  
12
Not Available
  
Thermal Conductivity
18.40 W/m·K
  
99+
Not Available
  
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Thermal Expansion
20.60 µm/(m·K)
  
22
Not Available
  
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
140.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
Not Available
  
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.66 kJ/mol
  
99+
Not Available
  
Enthalpy of Atomization
175.70 kJ/mol
  
99+
Not Available
  
Standard Molar Entropy
62.50 J/mol.K
  
20
Not Available