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Barium
Barium

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Radium



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Barium vs Radium

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Ba
Ra
1.2 Group Number
22
Gadolinium
0 17
1.3 Period Number
67
Lithium
2 7
1.4 Block
s block
s block
1.5 Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Alkaline Earth
1.6 CAS Number
74403937440144
Aluminium
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
Im_ 3m
1.8 Space Group Number
229.00229.00
Plutonium
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Barium oxidizes very easily in the air.
  • All toxic compounds of Barium can easily dissolve in water.
  • Barium carbonate is used to produce a Rat poison and its other compound Barium nitrate is used in fireworks to produce green color.
  • Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
  • Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
2.2 Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Mining, Ores of metals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Carl Wilhelm Scheele
Not Available
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1772
In 1898
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %NA
Thallium
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.000001 %~-9999 %
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %NA
Gold
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.03 %0.00 %
Palladium
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %0.00 %
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
0.00 %0.00 %
Tin
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • It is sued in chemical paint manufacturing and glass manufacturing.
  • Compounds of this metal are toxic; but still the barium sulfate is insoluble and given to patients suffering from digestive disorder.
  • It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
  • It is used in luminous paints.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
Pharmaceutical Industry
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
NA
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Low Toxic
Highly Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.07 Blood/mg dm-3NA
Plutonium
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
70.00 p.p.m.NA
Plutonium
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
725.00 °C700.00 °C
Francium
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
1,140.00 °C1,737.00 °C
Flerovium
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silvery Gray
Silvery White
4.3.3 Luster
NA
Metallic
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
1.25NA
Cesium
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
NANA
Cesium
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
NANA
Palladium
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
1,620.00 m/sNA
Thallium
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
NANA
Molybdenum
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Ba
Ra
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
3733
Tennessine
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
0.890.90
Francium
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
0.68NA
Cesium
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.970.97
Cesium
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.880.92
Cesium
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
0.880.89
Cesium
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
3.113.10
Gold
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
502.90 kJ/mol509.30 kJ/mol
Cesium
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
965.20 kJ/mol979.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
3,600.00 kJ/molNA
Osmium
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
NANA
Thorium
2780 37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
NANA
Dubnium
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
NANA
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
14110 134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium
17100 144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
19900 169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
22219 189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
26930 76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
29196 86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese
41987 97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron
47206 109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt
52737 122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel
58570 134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper
64702 148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
80400 171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
87000 179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
93400 184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
98420 198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
104400 195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
121900 121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
127700 127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
133800 133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
139800 139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
148100 148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
154500 154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
2.56 g/amp-hr4.22 g/amp-hr
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
2.70 eVNA
Cesium
2.14 5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
5688
Lithium
3 117
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s2
[Rn] 7s2
6.3 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
5688
Lithium
3 117
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
81138
Lithium
4 184
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
5688
Lithium
3 117
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
222.00 pmNA
Beryllium
112 265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
215.00 pm221.00 pm
Beryllium
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
268.00 pm283.00 pm
Zinc
139 348
6.6 Atomic Weight
137.33 amu226.00 amu
Lithium
6.94 294
6.7 Atomic Volume
39.24 cm3/mol45.20 cm3/mol
Manganese
1.39 71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
21.30 (-eV)20.10 (-eV)
Francium
8 392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
502.80 pm514.80 pm
Beryllium
228.58 891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
Beryllium
1.567 1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
3.51 g/cm35.50 g/cm3
Lithium
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
3.34 g/cm3NA
Lithium
0.512 20
7.2 Tensile Strength
NANA
Indium
2.5 11000
7.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
7.11 (Pa)NA
Cerium
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NANA
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
4.90 GPaNA
Potassium
1.3 222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
9.60 GPaNA
Cesium
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
13.00 GPaNA
Cesium
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
NANA
Beryllium
0.032 0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
3.625.00
Lithium
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Nonmagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Superconductor
NA
8.2.2 Resistivity
332.00 nΩ·m100.00 nΩ·m
Thallium
0.18 961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm ΩNA
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
13.95 kJ/molNA
Mercury
0 222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
0.20 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
Americium
0.11 3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
28.07 J/mol·KNA
Beryllium
16.443 62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
18.40 W/m·K18.60 W/m·K
Neptunium
6.3 429
9.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium
26.3 3223
9.5 Thermal Expansion
20.60 µm/(m·K)NA
Tungsten
4.5 97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
140.00 kJ/molNA
Zinc
7.32 799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
7.66 kJ/molNA
Cesium
2.1 35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
175.70 kJ/mol163.00 kJ/mol
Mercury
61.5 837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
62.50 J/mol.K71.00 J/mol.K
Beryllium
9.5 198.1