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Barium vs Tin

Barium
Tin
Tin vs Barium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ba   
Sn   
Group Number
2   
16
14   
4
Period Number
6   
5   
Block
s block   
p block   
Element Family
Alkaline Earth   
Post-​Transition   
CAS Number
7440393   
99+
7440315   
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
I41/amd   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
141.00   
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Barium oxidizes very easily in the air.
  • All toxic compounds of Barium can easily dissolve in water.
  • Barium carbonate is used to produce a Rat poison and its other compound Barium nitrate is used in fireworks to produce green color.
  
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Mining   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Carl Wilhelm Scheele   
Unknown   
Discovery
In 1772   
Before 3500 BC   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %   
16
4 * 10-7 %   
20
Abundance In Sun
~0.000001 %   
18
~0.0000009 %   
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
20
0.00 %   
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.03 %   
11
0.00 %   
34
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
8
0.00 %   
26
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
12
0.00 %   
13
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is sued in chemical paint manufacturing and glass manufacturing.
  • Compounds of this metal are toxic; but still the barium sulfate is insoluble and given to patients suffering from digestive disorder.
  
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry   
Other Uses
Alloys   
NA   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.07 Blood/mg dm-3   
15
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3   
10
In Bone
70.00 p.p.m.   
9
1.40 p.p.m.   
16
Physical Properties
Melting Point
725.00 °C   
99+
231.90 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
1,140.00 °C   
99+
2,270.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery Gray   
Silvery White   
Luster
NA   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.25   
19
1.50   
18
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
50.00 MPa   
99+
Speed of Sound
1,620.00 m/s   
99+
2,730.00 m/s   
32
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
White Tin (Beta Tin)   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ba   
Sn   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
37   
2
35   
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.89   
99+
1.96   
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.68   
28
1.49   
15
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97   
38
1.72   
4
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.88   
22
2.21   
3
Allen Electronegativity
0.88   
99+
1.82   
11
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.11   
4
2.04   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
502.90 kJ/mol   
99+
708.60 kJ/mol   
33
2nd Energy Level
965.20 kJ/mol   
99+
1,411.80 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,600.00 kJ/mol   
14
2,943.00 kJ/mol   
30
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
3,930.30 kJ/mol   
99+
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
7,456.00 kJ/mol   
13
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.56 g/amp-hr   
20
1.11 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
2.70 eV   
99+
4.42 eV   
16
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
56   
99+
50   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s2   
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Tetragonal (TETR)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
56   
99+
50   
99+
Number of Neutrons
81   
99+
69   
99+
Number of Electrons
56   
99+
50   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
222.00 pm   
4
140.00 pm   
38
Covalent Radius
215.00 pm   
5
139.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
268.00 pm   
6
217.00 pm   
23
Atomic Weight
137.33 amu   
99+
118.71 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
39.24 cm3/mol   
5
16.30 cm3/mol   
32
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Cesium
  
Indium
  
Next Element
Lanthanum
  
Cesium
  
Valence Electron Potential
21.30 (-eV)   
99+
83.50 (-eV)   
14
Lattice Constant
502.80 pm   
15
583.18 pm   
7
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
3.51 g/cm3   
99+
7.37 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
3.34 g/cm3   
99+
6.99 g/cm3   
34
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
7.11 (Pa)   
6
0.00 (Pa)   
17
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
4.90 GPa   
99+
18.00 GPa   
36
Bulk Modulus
9.60 GPa   
99+
58.00 GPa   
20
Young's Modulus
13.00 GPa   
99+
50.00 GPa   
36
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.36   
8
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
3.62   
99+
7.31   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor   
Superconductor   
Resistivity
332.00 nΩ·m   
13
115.00 nΩ·m   
28
Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω   
40
0.09 106/cm Ω   
23
Electron Affinity
13.95 kJ/mol   
36
107.30 kJ/mol   
8
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.20 J/(kg K)   
30
0.23 J/(kg K)   
28
Molar Heat Capacity
28.07 J/mol·K   
12
27.11 J/mol·K   
20
Thermal Conductivity
18.40 W/m·K   
99+
66.80 W/m·K   
25
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
20.60 µm/(m·K)   
22
22.00 µm/(m·K)   
20
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
140.00 kJ/mol   
99+
290.40 kJ/mol   
32
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.66 kJ/mol   
99+
7.03 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
175.70 kJ/mol   
99+
301.30 kJ/mol   
35
Standard Molar Entropy
62.50 J/mol.K   
20
51.20 J/mol.K   
29
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