Tin vs Tungsten
Periodic Table
Symbol
Sn
W
Group Number
14
4
6
12
Period Number
5
6
Block
p block
d block
Element Family
Post-Transition
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440315
99+
7440337
99+
Space Group Name
I41/amd
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
141.00
7
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
- In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
- Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
- Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
- Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Unknown
Not Available
Discovery
Before 3500 BC
In 1781
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
4 * 10-7 %
20
5 * 10-8 %
27
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %
19
~0.0000004 %
23
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
24
0.00 %
39
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
34
0.00 %
39
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
26
0.00 %
18
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
13
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
- Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
- Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
- Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry
NA
Other Uses
NA
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3
10
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
31
In Bone
1.40 p.p.m.
16
0.00 p.p.m.
35
Physical Properties
Melting Point
231.90 °C
99+
3,410.00 °C
1
Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C
99+
5,660.00 °C
1
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Grayish White
Luster
NA
Lustrous
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
1.50
18
7.50
2
Brinell Hardness
50.00 MPa
99+
2,000.00 MPa
4
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
3,430.00 MPa
1
Speed of Sound
2,730.00 m/s
32
4,620.00 m/s
16
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
Not Available
62.00 %
13
Allotropes
Yes
No
α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
Not Available
β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Sn
W
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
35
4
33
6
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.96
8
2.36
2
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.49
15
0.98
23
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.72
4
1.40
19
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.21
3
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
1.82
11
1.47
29
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.04
99+
1.64
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol
33
770.00 kJ/mol
16
2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol
99+
1,700.00 kJ/mol
29
3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/mol
30
Not Available
4th Energy Level
3,930.30 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
5th Energy Level
7,456.00 kJ/mol
13
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr
99+
1.14 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.42 eV
16
4.55 eV
13
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
50
99+
74
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
50
99+
74
99+
Number of Neutrons
69
99+
110
27
Number of Electrons
50
99+
74
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
140.00 pm
38
139.00 pm
39
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm
99+
162.00 pm
29
Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm
23
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
118.71 amu
99+
183.84 amu
37
Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol
32
9.53 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)
14
140.00 (-eV)
5
Lattice Constant
583.18 pm
7
316.52 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm3
99+
19.25 g/cm3
16
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.99 g/cm3
34
17.60 g/cm3
5
Tensile Strength
Not Available
370.00 MPa
10
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
17
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
32
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa
36
161.00 GPa
5
Bulk Modulus
58.00 GPa
20
310.00 GPa
4
Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa
36
411.00 GPa
4
Poisson Ratio
0.36
8
0.28
17
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
7.31
99+
19.22
9
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Superconductor
Superconductor
Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m
28
52.80 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω
23
0.19 106/cm Ω
10
Electron Affinity
107.30 kJ/mol
8
78.60 kJ/mol
13
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)
28
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K
20
24.27 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K
25
173.00 W/m·K
7
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
22.00 µm/(m·K)
20
4.50 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/mol
32
799.10 kJ/mol
1
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol
99+
35.23 kJ/mol
1
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol
35
837.00 kJ/mol
1
Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.K
29
32.60 J/mol.K
99+
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