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Tungsten vs Bismuth

Tungsten
Bismuth
Bismuth vs Tungsten


Periodic Table
Symbol
W  
Bi  
Group Number
6  
12
15  
3
Period Number
6  
6  
Block
d block  
p block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440337  
99+
7440699  
22
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
C12/m1  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
12.00  
15
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Claude François Geoffroy  
Discovery
In 1781  
In 1753  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
28
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
14
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
39
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
39
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
18
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3  
20
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
40
0.20 p.p.m.  
27
Physical
Melting Point
3,410.00 °C  
1
271.30 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
5,660.00 °C  
1
1,560.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Grayish White  
Silver  
Luster
Lustrous  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.50  
2
2.25  
16
Brinell Hardness
2,000.00 MPa  
4
70.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
3,430.00 MPa  
3
30.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
4,620.00 m/s  
20
1,790.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.10  
11
2.50  
5
Reflectivity
62.00 %  
21
70.00 %  
13
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
W  
Bi  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
33  
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.36  
3
2.02  
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.98  
99+
2.34  
3
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.40  
20
1.67  
7
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.36  
3
2.15  
8
Allen Electronegativity
1.47  
33
2.01  
5
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.64  
99+
1.98  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
16
703.00 kJ/mol  
35
2nd Energy Level
1,700.00 kJ/mol  
30
1,610.00 kJ/mol  
34
3rd Energy Level
2,045.40 kJ/mol  
99+
2,466.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
8
4,370.00 kJ/mol  
38
5th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
5,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
8,520.00 kJ/mol  
29
7th Energy level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
37
9th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
25
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
34
10th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
38
11th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
36
12th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
32
14th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
22
15th Energy Level
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
18
70,300.00 kJ/mol  
28
16th Energy Level
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
13
70,300.00 kJ/mol  
23
17th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
34
703.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
34
19th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
31
703.00 kJ/mol  
40
20th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
25
703.00 kJ/mol  
34
21st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
12
22nd Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
703.00 kJ/mol  
28
23rd Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
10
24th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
15
703.00 kJ/mol  
27
25th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
703.00 kJ/mol  
29
26th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
703.00 kJ/mol  
28
27th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
13
703.00 kJ/mol  
29
28th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
703.00 kJ/mol  
34
29th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
703.00 kJ/mol  
35
30th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
703.00 kJ/mol  
29
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
2.60 g/amp-hr  
23
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV  
18
4.22 eV  
29
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
74  
99+
83  
33
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Rhombohedral (RHO)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
74  
99+
83  
33
Number of Neutrons
110  
28
126  
19
Number of Electrons
74  
99+
83  
33
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
156.00 pm  
31
Covalent Radius
162.00 pm  
31
148.00 pm  
38
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
207.00 pm  
33
Atomic Weight
183.84 amu  
37
208.98 amu  
29
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
21.30 cm3/mol  
23
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tantalum
  
Lead
  
Next Element
Rhenium
  
Polonium
  
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)  
5
41.90 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
316.52 pm  
99+
667.40 pm  
2
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.29  
99+
1.86  
4
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.25 g/cm3  
16
9.78 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.60 g/cm3  
15
10.05 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
370.00 MPa  
11
32.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
1
0.00  
29
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.00 (Pa)  
24
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
161.00 GPa  
5
12.00 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
310.00 GPa  
4
31.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
411.00 GPa  
4
32.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.28  
17
0.33  
11
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.22  
18
9.79  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
20
Susceptibility
0.00  
23
0.00  
36
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor  
Semiconductor  
Resistivity
52.80 nΩ·m  
99+
1.29 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
78.60 kJ/mol  
15
91.20 kJ/mol  
13
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
25.52 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
173.00 W/m·K  
7
7.97 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
3,695.00 K  
1
544.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
4.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
13.40 µm/(m·K)  
34
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
151.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
10.90 kJ/mol  
39
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
207.10 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
56.70 J/mol.K  
32
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