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Tungsten vs Bismuth

Tungsten
Bismuth
Bismuth vs Tungsten


Periodic Table
Symbol
W   
Bi   
Group Number
6   
12
15   
3
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
d block   
p block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Post-​Transition   
CAS Number
7440337   
99+
7440699   
22
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
C12/m1   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
12.00   
12
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Not Available   
Claude François Geoffroy   
Discovery
In 1781   
In 1753   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-8 %   
27
7 * 10-8 %   
25
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000004 %   
23
~0.000006 %   
14
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
39
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
39
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
18
0.00 %   
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Low Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
31
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3   
20
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
35
0.20 p.p.m.   
22
Physical Properties
Melting Point
3,410.00 °C   
1
271.30 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
5,660.00 °C   
1
1,560.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Grayish White   
Silver   
Luster
Lustrous   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.50   
2
2.25   
15
Brinell Hardness
2,000.00 MPa   
4
70.00 MPa   
99+
Vickers Hardness
3,430.00 MPa   
1
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
4,620.00 m/s   
16
1,790.00 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
62.00 %   
13
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
W   
Bi   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
33   
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.36   
2
2.02   
6
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.98   
23
2.34   
3
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.40   
19
1.67   
6
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.15   
4
Allen Electronegativity
1.47   
29
2.01   
4
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.64   
99+
1.98   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol   
16
703.00 kJ/mol   
35
2nd Energy Level
1,700.00 kJ/mol   
29
1,610.00 kJ/mol   
33
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
2,466.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
4,370.00 kJ/mol   
28
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
5,400.00 kJ/mol   
30
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
8,520.00 kJ/mol   
19
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr   
99+
2.60 g/amp-hr   
19
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV   
13
4.22 eV   
22
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
74   
99+
83   
33
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
74   
99+
83   
33
Number of Neutrons
110   
27
126   
18
Number of Electrons
74   
99+
83   
33
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm   
39
156.00 pm   
29
Covalent Radius
162.00 pm   
29
148.00 pm   
36
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
207.00 pm   
26
Atomic Weight
183.84 amu   
37
208.98 amu   
29
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol   
99+
21.30 cm3/mol   
14
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tantalum
  
Lead
  
Next Element
Rhenium
  
Polonium
  
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)   
5
41.90 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
316.52 pm   
99+
667.40 pm   
2
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.25 g/cm3   
16
9.78 g/cm3   
39
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.60 g/cm3   
5
10.05 g/cm3   
18
Tensile Strength
370.00 MPa   
10
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
32
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
161.00 GPa   
5
12.00 GPa   
99+
Bulk Modulus
310.00 GPa   
4
31.00 GPa   
38
Young's Modulus
411.00 GPa   
4
32.00 GPa   
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.28   
17
0.33   
11
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.22   
9
9.79   
30
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
0.00 H/m   
6
Susceptibility
Not Available   
0.00   
6
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor   
Semiconductor   
Resistivity
52.80 nΩ·m   
99+
1.29 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω   
10
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
78.60 kJ/mol   
13
91.20 kJ/mol   
11
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K   
99+
25.52 J/mol·K   
37
Thermal Conductivity
173.00 W/m·K   
7
7.97 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
4.50 µm/(m·K)   
99+
13.40 µm/(m·K)   
28
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol   
1
151.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol   
1
10.90 kJ/mol   
33
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol   
1
207.10 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K   
99+
56.70 J/mol.K   
24
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