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Bismuth vs Molybdenum

Bismuth
Molybdenum
Molybdenum vs Bismuth


Periodic Table
Symbol
Bi   
Mo   
Group Number
15   
3
6   
12
Period Number
6   
5   
Block
p block   
d block   
Element Family
Post-​Transition   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440699   
22
7439987   
99+
Space Group Name
C12/m1   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
12.00   
12
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
  
  • Molybdenum is highly reactive metal, hence not found free in nature .
  • Till 18th century Molybdenum element were often mistaken as a carbon or Lead.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Claude François Geoffroy   
Carl Wilhelm Scheele   
Discovery
In 1753   
In 1778   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-8 %   
25
5 * 10-7 %   
19
Abundance In Sun
~0.000006 %   
14
~0.0000009 %   
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
39
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
24
0.00 %   
9
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
14
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
  
  • Its alloys are used to make engine parts, drills, saw blade, etc.
  • Lubricant additive made up of Molybdenum disulfide is commonly used in the industry. It is also used as a catalyst.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3   
20
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
31
In Bone
0.20 p.p.m.   
22
0.70 p.p.m.   
18
Physical Properties
Melting Point
271.30 °C   
99+
2,617.00 °C   
5
Boiling Point
1,560.00 °C   
99+
4,612.00 °C   
9
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Gray   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.25   
15
5.50   
7
Brinell Hardness
70.00 MPa   
99+
1,370.00 MPa   
7
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
1,400.00 MPa   
6
Speed of Sound
1,790.00 m/s   
99+
5,400.00 m/s   
6
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
58.00 %   
15
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Bi   
Mo   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
25   
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.02   
6
2.16   
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.34   
3
1.15   
19
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.67   
6
1.30   
24
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.15   
4
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
2.01   
4
2.16   
3
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.98   
99+
1.84   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol   
35
684.30 kJ/mol   
37
2nd Energy Level
1,610.00 kJ/mol   
33
1,560.00 kJ/mol   
37
3rd Energy Level
2,466.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,618.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol   
28
4,480.00 kJ/mol   
26
5th Energy Level
5,400.00 kJ/mol   
30
5,257.00 kJ/mol   
32
6th Energy Level
8,520.00 kJ/mol   
19
6,640.80 kJ/mol   
22
7th Energy level
Not Available   
12,125.00 kJ/mol   
13
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
13,860.00 kJ/mol   
16
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
15,835.00 kJ/mol   
16
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
17,980.00 kJ/mol   
18
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
20,190.00 kJ/mol   
17
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
22,219.00 kJ/mol   
15
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
26,930.00 kJ/mol   
13
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
29,196.00 kJ/mol   
13
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
52,490.00 kJ/mol   
7
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
55,000.00 kJ/mol   
8
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
61,400.00 kJ/mol   
9
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
67,700.00 kJ/mol   
9
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
74,000.00 kJ/mol   
9
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
80,400.00 kJ/mol   
10
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
87,000.00 kJ/mol   
9
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
93,400.00 kJ/mol   
7
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
98,420.00 kJ/mol   
6
24th Energy Level
Not Available   
104,400.00 kJ/mol   
2
25th Energy Level
Not Available   
121,900.00 kJ/mol   
1
26th Energy Level
Not Available   
127,700.00 kJ/mol   
1
27th Energy Level
Not Available   
133,800.00 kJ/mol   
1
28th Energy Level
Not Available   
139,800.00 kJ/mol   
1
29th Energy Level
Not Available   
148,100.00 kJ/mol   
1
30th Energy Level
Not Available   
154,500.00 kJ/mol   
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.60 g/amp-hr   
19
0.89 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.22 eV   
22
4.60 eV   
12
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
83   
33
42   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3   
[Kr] 4d5 5s1   
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
83   
33
42   
99+
Number of Neutrons
126   
18
54   
99+
Number of Electrons
83   
33
42   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm   
29
139.00 pm   
39
Covalent Radius
148.00 pm   
36
154.00 pm   
32
Van der Waals Radius
207.00 pm   
26
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
208.98 amu   
29
95.95 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
21.30 cm3/mol   
14
9.40 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Lead
  
Niobium
  
Next Element
Polonium
  
Technetium
  
Valence Electron Potential
41.90 (-eV)   
99+
88.60 (-eV)   
13
Lattice Constant
667.40 pm   
2
314.70 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.78 g/cm3   
39
10.28 g/cm3   
36
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.05 g/cm3   
18
9.33 g/cm3   
20
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
324.00 MPa   
13
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
26
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
12.00 GPa   
99+
126.00 GPa   
8
Bulk Modulus
31.00 GPa   
38
230.00 GPa   
6
Young's Modulus
32.00 GPa   
99+
329.00 GPa   
6
Poisson Ratio
0.33   
11
0.31   
13
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Weldable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.79   
30
10.22   
27
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Permeability
0.00 H/m   
6
Not Available   
Susceptibility
0.00   
6
Not Available   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Semiconductor   
Semiconductor   
Resistivity
1.29 nΩ·m   
99+
53.40 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.19 106/cm Ω   
11
Electron Affinity
91.20 kJ/mol   
11
71.90 kJ/mol   
14
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.25 J/(kg K)   
21
Molar Heat Capacity
25.52 J/mol·K   
37
24.06 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
7.97 W/m·K   
99+
138.00 W/m·K   
12
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
13.40 µm/(m·K)   
28
4.80 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
151.00 kJ/mol   
99+
594.10 kJ/mol   
8
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.90 kJ/mol   
33
27.61 kJ/mol   
5
Enthalpy of Atomization
207.10 kJ/mol   
99+
653.00 kJ/mol   
7
Standard Molar Entropy
56.70 J/mol.K   
24
28.70 J/mol.K   
99+
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