Berkelium vs Platinum
Periodic Table
Symbol
Bk
Pt
Group Number
Not Available
10
8
Period Number
7
6
Block
f block
d block
Element Family
Actinide
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440406
99+
7440064
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- X-ray Diffraction- different compounds of Berkelium metals are identified using it.
- Commercial uses of Berkelium metal are not yet discovered.
- Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
- Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
Sources
Bombarding Americium with Alpha Particles.
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Antonio de Ulloa
Discovery
In 1949
In 1735
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
5 * 10-7 %
19
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.0000009 %
19
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.00 %
25
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
0.00 %
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- This metal is very rare and has no commercial uses.
- Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
- Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
NA
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Unknown
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
Not Available
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
986.00 °C
99+
1,772.00 °C
16
Boiling Point
2,627.00 °C
40
3,827.00 °C
15
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silver
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
3.50
11
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
300.00 MPa
34
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
400.00 MPa
25
Speed of Sound
Not Available
2,800.00 m/s
29
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
Not Available
73.00 %
8
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Bk
Pt
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
14
25
35
4
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30
32
2.28
3
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20
27
1.44
17
Allen Electronegativity
2.70
1
1.72
16
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70
22
1.72
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol
99+
870.00 kJ/mol
10
2nd Energy Level
1,186.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,791.00 kJ/mol
21
3rd Energy Level
2,152.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
4th Energy Level
3,434.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.07 g/amp-hr
16
1.82 g/amp-hr
35
Electron Work Function
Not Available
5.65 eV
1
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
97
21
78
38
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f9 7s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Berkelium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
97
21
78
38
Number of Neutrons
150
11
117
24
Number of Electrons
97
21
78
38
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
170.00 pm
22
139.00 pm
39
Covalent Radius
Not Available
136.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
175.00 pm
36
Atomic Weight
247.00 amu
18
47.87 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
Not Available
9.09 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
45.50 (-eV)
36
392.42 (-eV)
1
Lattice Constant
341.60 pm
99+
392.42 pm
24
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
14.78 g/cm3
22
21.45 g/cm3
11
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.25 g/cm3
11
19.77 g/cm3
2
Tensile Strength
Not Available
125.00 MPa
14
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.07 (Pa)
18
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
61.00 GPa
14
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
230.00 GPa
6
Young's Modulus
Not Available
168.00 GPa
14
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.38
6
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
14.00
14
21.45
4
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Permeability
Not Available
0.00 H/m
3
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
Not Available
105.00 nΩ·m
30
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
0.10 106/cm Ω
21
Electron Affinity
Not Available
205.30 kJ/mol
2
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
Not Available
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
25.86 J/mol·K
35
Thermal Conductivity
10.00 W/m·K
99+
71.60 W/m·K
24
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
8.80 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
510.50 kJ/mol
11
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
19.70 kJ/mol
12
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available
565.00 kJ/mol
11
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
41.60 J/mol.K
36
|
||
|
||
|
