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Berkelium vs Platinum

Berkelium
Platinum
Platinum vs Berkelium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Bk   
Pt   
Group Number
Not Available   
10   
8
Period Number
7   
6   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440406   
99+
7440064   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • X-ray Diffraction- different compounds of Berkelium metals are identified using it.
    Commercial uses of Berkelium metal are not yet discovered.
  
  • Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
  • Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
  
Sources
Bombarding Americium with Alpha Particles.   
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory   
Antonio de Ulloa   
Discovery
In 1949   
In 1735   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
5 * 10-7 %   
19
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0000009 %   
19
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
25
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • This metal is very rare and has no commercial uses.
  
  • Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
  • Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Unknown   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
Not Available   
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Not Available   
Physical Properties
Melting Point
986.00 °C   
99+
1,772.00 °C   
16
Boiling Point
2,627.00 °C   
40
3,827.00 °C   
15
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Silvery White   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
3.50   
11
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
300.00 MPa   
34
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
400.00 MPa   
25
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
2,800.00 m/s   
29
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
73.00 %   
8
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Bk   
Pt   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
14   
25
35   
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30   
32
2.28   
3
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20   
27
1.44   
17
Allen Electronegativity
2.70   
1
1.72   
16
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70   
22
1.72   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol   
99+
870.00 kJ/mol   
10
2nd Energy Level
1,186.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,791.00 kJ/mol   
21
3rd Energy Level
2,152.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
4th Energy Level
3,434.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.07 g/amp-hr   
16
1.82 g/amp-hr   
35
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
5.65 eV   
1
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
97   
21
78   
38
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f9 7s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1   
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Berkelium.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
97   
21
78   
38
Number of Neutrons
150   
11
117   
24
Number of Electrons
97   
21
78   
38
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
170.00 pm   
22
139.00 pm   
39
Covalent Radius
Not Available   
136.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available   
175.00 pm   
36
Atomic Weight
247.00 amu   
18
47.87 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
Not Available   
9.09 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Curium
  
Iridium
  
Next Element
Californium
  
Gold
  
Valence Electron Potential
45.50 (-eV)   
36
392.42 (-eV)   
1
Lattice Constant
341.60 pm   
99+
392.42 pm   
24
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
14.78 g/cm3   
22
21.45 g/cm3   
11
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.25 g/cm3   
11
19.77 g/cm3   
2
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
125.00 MPa   
14
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.07 (Pa)   
18
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
61.00 GPa   
14
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
230.00 GPa   
6
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
168.00 GPa   
14
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.38   
6
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
14.00   
14
21.45   
4
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
0.00 H/m   
3
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
Not Available   
105.00 nΩ·m   
30
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.10 106/cm Ω   
21
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
205.30 kJ/mol   
2
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
25.86 J/mol·K   
35
Thermal Conductivity
10.00 W/m·K   
99+
71.60 W/m·K   
24
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
8.80 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
510.50 kJ/mol   
11
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
19.70 kJ/mol   
12
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
565.00 kJ/mol   
11
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
41.60 J/mol.K   
36
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