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Platinum vs Fermium

Platinum
Fermium
Fermium vs Platinum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pt  
Fm  
Group Number
10  
8
3  
15
Period Number
6  
7  
Block
d block  
f block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7440064  
99+
7440724  
19
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
-  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
  • Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
  
  • Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
  • Fermium is synthetically produced metal.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa  
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Discovery
In 1735  
In 1952  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
20
0.00 %  
35
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
30
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
25
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
  • Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
  
  • Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,772.00 °C  
16
1,527.00 °C  
26
Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C  
15
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.50  
12
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa  
99+
500.00 MPa  
28
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa  
99+
600.00 MPa  
28
Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s  
99+
2,500.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.41  
6
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
73.00 %  
10
59.00 %  
24
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Pt  
Fm  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
18  
21
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.28  
4
1.30  
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.28  
5
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44  
18
1.20  
28
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.20  
6
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
1.72  
19
1.30  
40
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.72  
99+
2.70  
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol  
22
1,225.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,277.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,363.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
8,702.00 kJ/mol  
6
3,792.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
8,702.00 kJ/mol  
9
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
39
6th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
27
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
23
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
23
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,660.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,040.00 kJ/mol  
33
10th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
10
13th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
38
14th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
27
15th Energy Level
87,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
38
16th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
17th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
27
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
40
19th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
25
994.80 kJ/mol  
21
20th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
15
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
38
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
13
345.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
39
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
14
24th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
9
627.60 kJ/mol  
38
25th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
627.00 kJ/mol  
40
26th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
627.60 kJ/mol  
39
27th Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
6
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
9
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr  
39
3.20 g/amp-hr  
15
Electron Work Function
5.65 eV  
4
4.47 eV  
21
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
78  
38
100  
18
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1  
[Rn] 5f12 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Not Known  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100  
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Fermium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
78  
38
100  
18
Number of Neutrons
117  
25
157  
8
Number of Electrons
78  
38
100  
18
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
180.00 pm  
16
Covalent Radius
136.00 pm  
99+
180.00 pm  
23
Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm  
99+
245.00 pm  
13
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu  
99+
257.00 amu  
15
Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol  
99+
18.00 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Iridium
  
Einsteinium
  
Next Element
Gold
  
Mendelevium
  
Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)  
1
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
392.42 pm  
27
350.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.56  
99+
1.63  
13
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm3  
11
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm3  
12
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa  
26
0.10 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
16
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
16
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)  
18
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa  
14
30.00 GPa  
27
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa  
6
50.00 GPa  
24
Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa  
15
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.38  
6
0.35  
9
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.45  
13
9.70  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
14
0.00 H/m  
16
Susceptibility
0.00  
20
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m  
30
7.90 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω  
26
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol  
2
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K  
99+
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K  
24
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
2,041.00 K  
19
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol  
15
319.20 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol  
12
13.30 kJ/mol  
30
Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol  
15
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K  
99+
50.00 J/mol.K  
99+
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