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Bohrium vs Chromium

Bohrium
Chromium
Chromium vs Bohrium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Bh  
Cr  
Group Number
7  
11
6  
12
Period Number
7  
4  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
54037148  
12
7440473  
39
Space Group Name
-  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
276.00  
1
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Bohrium metal is also known as Unnilseptium (Uns) and Nielsbohrium (Ns).
  
  • Chromium is highly reactive, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Ores of Chromites mineral are the major source of Chromium metal.
  • Almost 90% leather tanning is done with the help of chromium.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Synthetically Produced  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung  
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin  
Discovery
In 1981  
In Between 1797 - 1798  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
37
0.00 %  
8
Abundance In Sun
-  
0.00 %  
7
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.30 %  
7
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.01 %  
13
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
16
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
19
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Bohrium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • It is used to harden the steel and produces a stainless steel and other various alloys.
  • It is also used to give proper finish to polished mirrors. Its chromium plates are used in bathroom fittings.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.11 Blood/mg dm-3  
12
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.33 p.p.m.  
25
Physical
Melting Point
-  
1,857.00 °C  
14
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
2,672.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Silver  
Luster
Unknown Luster  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.00  
3
8.50  
1
Brinell Hardness
270.00 MPa  
99+
687.00 MPa  
18
Vickers Hardness
2,700.00 MPa  
4
1,060.00 MPa  
17
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
5,940.00 m/s  
8
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.50  
36
2.97  
2
Reflectivity
59.00 %  
24
70.00 %  
13
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Bh  
Cr  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
5  
32
21  
18
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00  
8
1.66  
19
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.66  
17
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.56  
11
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.66  
19
Allen Electronegativity
2.00  
6
1.65  
22
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00  
99+
2.34  
36
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
742.90 kJ/mol  
23
26,130.00 kJ/mol  
1
2nd Energy Level
1,688.50 kJ/mol  
31
28,750.00 kJ/mol  
1
3rd Energy Level
2,566.50 kJ/mol  
99+
34,230.00 kJ/mol  
1
4th Energy Level
3,598.90 kJ/mol  
99+
37,066.00 kJ/mol  
1
5th Energy Level
4,727.80 kJ/mol  
99+
97,510.00 kJ/mol  
1
6th Energy Level
5,991.70 kJ/mol  
99+
105,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
7th Energy level
7,226.80 kJ/mol  
34
114,300.00 kJ/mol  
1
8th Energy Level
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
33
125,300.00 kJ/mol  
1
9th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
134,700.00 kJ/mol  
1
10th Energy Level
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
35
144,300.00 kJ/mol  
1
11th Energy Level
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
25
26,130.00 kJ/mol  
12
12th Energy Level
82,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
28,750.00 kJ/mol  
36
13th Energy Level
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
29
34,230.00 kJ/mol  
10
14th Energy Level
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
17
37,066.00 kJ/mol  
12
15th Energy Level
82,000.00 kJ/mol  
14
97,510.00 kJ/mol  
2
16th Energy Level
71,100.00 kJ/mol  
20
105,800.00 kJ/mol  
2
17th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
31
114,300.00 kJ/mol  
3
18th Energy Level
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
20
125,300.00 kJ/mol  
4
19th Energy Level
820.80 kJ/mol  
28
134,700.00 kJ/mol  
5
20th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
21
144,300.00 kJ/mol  
7
21st Energy Level
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
11
157,700.00 kJ/mol  
7
22nd Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
16
166,090.00 kJ/mol  
6
23rd Energy Level
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
8
653.80 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
12
653.80 kJ/mol  
32
25th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
653.80 kJ/mol  
34
26th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
653.80 kJ/mol  
33
27th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
9
652.90 kJ/mol  
34
28th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
15
653.80 kJ/mol  
39
29th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
14
653.80 kJ/mol  
40
30th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
653.80 kJ/mol  
36
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
0.32 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
4.50 eV  
19
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
107  
11
24  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d5 7s2  
[Ar] 3d5 4s1  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
107  
11
24  
99+
Number of Neutrons
155  
9
28  
99+
Number of Electrons
107  
11
24  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
128.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
141.00 pm  
99+
139.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
0.00 pm  
99+
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
270.00 amu  
8
52.00 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
23.70 cm3/mol  
14
7.23 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Seaborgium
  
Vanadium
  
Next Element
Hassium
  
Manganese
  
Valence Electron Potential
27.20 (-eV)  
99+
170.00 (-eV)  
4
Lattice Constant
-  
291.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57  
99+
1.86  
4
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
37.10 g/cm3  
3
7.19 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
37.10 g/cm3  
3
6.30 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
152.00 MPa  
24
689.00 MPa  
7
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
23
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
26
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
774.00 (Pa)  
1
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
28.00 GPa  
32
115.00 GPa  
9
Bulk Modulus
37.00 GPa  
99+
160.00 GPa  
11
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
279.00 GPa  
8
Poisson Ratio
0.35  
9
0.21  
33
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
37.00  
5
7.19  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Antiferromagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
11
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
10
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
-  
Resistivity
6.50 nΩ·m  
99+
125.00 nΩ·m  
27
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.08 106/cm Ω  
30
Electron Affinity
-  
64.30 kJ/mol  
17
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.45 J/(kg K)  
12
Molar Heat Capacity
37.10 J/mol·K  
2
23.35 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
37.00 W/m·K  
36
93.90 W/m·K  
17
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
1,907.00 K  
24
Thermal Expansion
14.30 µm/(m·K)  
28
4.90 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
270.50 kJ/mol  
99+
348.80 kJ/mol  
35
Enthalpy of Fusion
-  
15.31 kJ/mol  
20
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
397.50 kJ/mol  
27
Standard Molar Entropy
57.00 J/mol.K  
30
23.80 J/mol.K  
99+
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