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Californium Iron Comparison

Californium
Iron
Iron Californium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Cf   
Fe   
Group Number
Not Available   
8   
10
Period Number
7   
4   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440713   
20
7439896   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Californium metal is very harmful and highly radioactive.
  • Californium metal is the heaviest metal.
  
  • Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
  • The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
  
Sources
Made by Bombarding Curium with Helium Ions   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory   
Unknown   
Discovery
In 1950   
Before 5000 BC   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
1.1 * 10-1 %   
1
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.1 %   
1
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
22.00 %   
1
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
6.30 %   
2
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
12
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.01 %   
5
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Californium metal has a very strong neutron emitter. It is used as a metal detector.
  • It also used as an identifier to check Water and oil layers in oil wells.
  
  • Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
  • Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research   
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
3
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
380.00 p.p.m.   
5
Physical Properties
Melting Point
900.00 °C   
99+
1,535.00 °C   
25
Boiling Point
1,470.00 °C   
99+
2,750.00 °C   
37
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Gray   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.00   
12
4.00   
10
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
200.00 MPa   
40
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
608.00 MPa   
18
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
5,120.00 m/s   
8
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
65.00 %   
12
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Ferrite (alpha Iron)   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
beta Iron   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
gamma Iron   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Cf   
Fe   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20   
19
26   
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30   
32
1.83   
14
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20   
27
1.64   
8
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.80   
12
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70   
22
2.17   
40
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol   
99+
762.50 kJ/mol   
17
2nd Energy Level
1,206.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,561.90 kJ/mol   
36
3rd Energy Level
2,267.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,957.00 kJ/mol   
29
4th Energy Level
3,599.00 kJ/mol   
99+
5,290.00 kJ/mol   
16
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
7,240.00 kJ/mol   
16
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
9,560.00 kJ/mol   
14
7th Energy level
Not Available   
12,060.00 kJ/mol   
15
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
14,580.00 kJ/mol   
14
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
22,540.00 kJ/mol   
5
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
25,290.00 kJ/mol   
8
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
28,000.00 kJ/mol   
9
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
31,920.00 kJ/mol   
9
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
34,830.00 kJ/mol   
9
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
37,840.00 kJ/mol   
11
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
44,100.00 kJ/mol   
11
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
47,206.00 kJ/mol   
13
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
122,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
131,000.00 kJ/mol   
2
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
140,500.00 kJ/mol   
3
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
152,600.00 kJ/mol   
5
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
163,000.00 kJ/mol   
5
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
173,600.00 kJ/mol   
4
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
188,100.00 kJ/mol   
4
24th Energy Level
Not Available   
195,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.12 g/amp-hr   
15
0.69 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.70 eV   
10
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
98   
20
26   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f10 7s2   
[Ar] 3d6 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Californium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
98   
20
26   
99+
Number of Neutrons
153   
9
30   
99+
Number of Electrons
98   
20
26   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm   
9
126.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
Not Available   
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available   
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
251.00 amu   
17
55.85 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
Not Available   
7.10 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Berkelium
  
Manganese
  
Next Element
Einsteinium
  
Cobalt
  
Valence Electron Potential
44.50 (-eV)   
38
67.00 (-eV)   
20
Lattice Constant
338.00 pm   
99+
286.65 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
15.10 g/cm3   
21
7.87 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
6.98 g/cm3   
35
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
11,000.00 MPa   
1
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
28
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
36.80 (Pa)   
5
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
82.00 GPa   
11
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
170.00 GPa   
10
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
211.00 GPa   
9
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.29   
15
Other Mechanical Properties
Malleable, Sectile   
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
15.10   
13
7.20   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Ferromagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
6.3 * 10-3 H/m   
1
Susceptibility
Not Available   
2,00,000.00   
1
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Unknown   
Conductor   
Resistivity
Not Available   
96.10 nΩ·m   
32
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.10 106/cm Ω   
20
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
15.70 kJ/mol   
34
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.44 J/(kg K)   
13
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
25.10 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
Not Available   
80.40 W/m·K   
22
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
11.80 µm/(m·K)   
33
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
351.00 kJ/mol   
23
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
14.90 kJ/mol   
22
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
414.20 kJ/mol   
19
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+
Summary >>
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