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Chemical Properties of Niobium and Hafnium

Niobium
Hafnium
Chemical Properties of Hafnium and Niobium


Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Nb   
Hf   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
17   
22
32   
7
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.60   
23
1.30   
32
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.42   
16
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.23   
25
1.23   
25
Allen Electronegativity
1.41   
31
1.16   
37
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.40   
31
2.70   
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
652.10 kJ/mol   
99+
658.50 kJ/mol   
40
2nd Energy Level
1,380.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,440.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,416.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,250.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
3,700.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,216.00 kJ/mol   
99+
5th Energy Level
4,877.00 kJ/mol   
36
Not Available   
6th Energy Level
9,847.00 kJ/mol   
11
Not Available   
7th Energy level
12,100.00 kJ/mol   
14
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.69 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.66 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.30 eV   
18
3.90 eV   
27
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
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