Chemical Properties of Niobium and Hafnium
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Nb
Hf
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
17
22
32
7
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.60
23
1.30
32
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.42
16
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.23
25
1.23
25
Allen Electronegativity
1.41
31
1.16
37
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.40
31
2.70
22
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
652.10 kJ/mol
99+
658.50 kJ/mol
40
2nd Energy Level
1,380.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,440.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,416.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,250.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
3,700.00 kJ/mol
99+
3,216.00 kJ/mol
99+
5th Energy Level
4,877.00 kJ/mol
36
Not Available
6th Energy Level
9,847.00 kJ/mol
11
Not Available
7th Energy level
12,100.00 kJ/mol
14
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.69 g/amp-hr
99+
1.66 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.30 eV
18
3.90 eV
27
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
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