Cobalt

Californium

Cobalt Californium Comparison

Cobalt

Californium

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Periodic Table

Symbol

Group Number

Period Number

Block

Element Family

CAS Number

Space Group Name

Space Group Number

Facts

Interesting Facts

Sources

Who Discovered

Discovery

Abundance In Universe

Abundance In Sun

Abundance In Meteorites

Abundance In Earth's Crust

Abundance In Oceans

Abundance In Humans

Uses

Uses & Benefits

Industrial Uses

Medical Uses

Other Uses

Toxicity

Present in Human Body

In Blood

In Bone

Physical

Melting Point

Boiling Point

Physical State

Color

Luster

Mohs Hardness

Brinell Hardness

Vickers Hardness

Speed of Sound

Refractive Index

Reflectivity

Allotropes

α Allotropes

β Allotropes

γ Allotropes

Chemical

Chemical Formula

Known Isotopes

Pauling Electronegativity

Sanderson Electronegativity

Allred Rochow Electronegativity

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

Allen Electronegativity

Pauling Electropositivity

1st Energy Level

2nd Energy Level

3rd Energy Level

4th Energy Level

5th Energy Level

6th Energy Level

7th Energy level

8th Energy Level

9th Energy Level

10th Energy Level

11th Energy Level

12th Energy Level

13th Energy Level

14th Energy Level

15th Energy Level

16th Energy Level

17th Energy Level

18th Energy Level

19th Energy Level

20th Energy Level

21st Energy Level

22nd Energy Level

23rd Energy Level

24th Energy Level

25th Energy Level

26th Energy Level

27th Energy Level

28th Energy Level

29th Energy Level

30th Energy Level

Electrochemical Equivalent

Electron Work Function

Other Chemical Properties

Atomic

Atomic Number

Electron Configuration

Crystal Structure

Crystal Lattice

Number of Protons

Number of Neutrons

Number of Electrons

Atomic Radius

Covalent Radius

Van der Waals Radius

Atomic Weight

Atomic Volume

Previous Element

Next Element

Valence Electron Potential

Lattice Constant

Lattice Angles

Lattice C/A Ratio

Mechanical

Density At Room Temperature

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

Tensile Strength

Viscosity

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

Shear Modulus

Bulk Modulus

Young's Modulus

Poisson Ratio

Other Mechanical Properties

Magnetic

Specific Gravity

Magnetic Ordering

Permeability

Susceptibility

Electrical Property

Resistivity

Electrical Conductivity

Electron Affinity

Thermal

Specific Heat

Molar Heat Capacity

Thermal Conductivity

Critical Temperature

Thermal Expansion

Enthalpy of Vaporization

Enthalpy of Fusion

Enthalpy of Atomization

Standard Molar Entropy

d block

Transition Metal

7440484

P63/mmc

194.00

The main source of Cobalt is as a by-product of copper and nickel metal mining.
Cobalt metal can be obtained from other elements like Oxygen, Sulfur and Arsenic.

It s also used in electroplating process as it exhibits anti cession properties.

Found in Compounds, Mining, Ores of Minerals

Georg Brandt

In 1732

0.00 %

0.06 %

0.00 %

Its alloys with aluminum and nickel are used to make powerful magnets.
Few other alloys exhibit high-temperature strength and hence they are used in Turbines of Jet and Gas engine.

Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry

Pharmaceutical Industry

Alloys

Toxic

✔✘

0.04 Blood/mg dm-3

0.04 p.p.m.

1,495.00 °C

2,870.00 °C

Solid

Gray

Metallic

5.00

470.00 MPa

1,043.00 MPa

4,720.00 m/s

2.50

67.00 %

✔✘

α-Cobalt

β-Cobalt

1.88

2.56

1.70

1.88

1.84

2.12

760.40 kJ/mol

1,648.00 kJ/mol

3,232.00 kJ/mol

4,950.00 kJ/mol

7,670.00 kJ/mol

9,840.00 kJ/mol

12,440.00 kJ/mol

15,230.00 kJ/mol

17,959.00 kJ/mol

26,570.00 kJ/mol

29,400.00 kJ/mol

32,400.00 kJ/mol

36,600.00 kJ/mol

39,700.00 kJ/mol

42,800.00 kJ/mol

49,396.00 kJ/mol

52,737.00 kJ/mol

134,810.00 kJ/mol

145,170.00 kJ/mol

154,700.00 kJ/mol

167,400.00 kJ/mol

178,100.00 kJ/mol

189,300.00 kJ/mol

760.40 kJ/mol

1.10 g/amp-hr

5.00 eV

Chemical Stability, Ionization

[Ar] 3d² 4s²

Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)

HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cobalt.jpg#100

147.00 pm

160.00 pm

200.00 pm

47.87 amu

10.64 cm3/mol

95.20 (-eV)

295.08 pm

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

1.26

4.51 g/cm³

4.11 g/cm3

434.00 MPa

0.00

0.00 (Pa)

0.98 (Pa)

44.00 GPa

110.00 GPa

116.00 GPa

0.32

Ductile

4,500.00

Paramagnetic

0.00 H/m

0.00

Poor Conductor

420.00 nΩ·m

0.02 10⁶/cm Ω

7.60 kJ/mol

0.52 J/(kg K)

25.06 J/mol·K

21.90 W/m·K

1,768.00 K

8.60 µm/(m·K)

429.00 kJ/mol

15.48 kJ/mol

468.60 kJ/mol

27.30 J/mol.K

f block

Actinide

7440713

P63/mmc

194.00

Californium metal is very harmful and highly radioactive.

Californium metal is the heaviest metal.

Made by Bombarding Curium with Helium Ions

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

In 1950

0.00 %

Californium metal has a very strong neutron emitter. It is used as a metal detector.
It also used as an identifier to check Water and oil layers in oil wells.

Chemical Industry

Alloys, Nuclear Research

Toxic

✔✘

0.00 Blood/mg dm-3

0.00 p.p.m.

900.00 °C

1,470.00 °C

Solid

Silver

3.00

170.00 MPa