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Dubnium Palladium Comparison

Dubnium
Palladium
Palladium Dubnium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Db  
Pd  
Group Number
5  
13
10  
8
Period Number
7  
5  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
53850354  
14
7440053  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
166.00  
9
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • IUPAC allotted a temporary name to Dubnium metal as “ Unnilpentium”.
  • In the production of Dubnium, thermal gradient chromatography is used.
  
  • Palladium alloys are used for Jewelry contains (95% Palladium and 5% Ruthenium)
  • In the late 1800s, Palladium metal used have more economical value than the Platinum metal.
  • Palladium element is known as a good catalyst
  
Sources
Produced by Bombarding Am243 with Ne22, Synthetically Produced  
Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research  
William Hyde Wollaston  
Discovery
In 1968  
In 1803  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Sun
-  
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
-  
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Dubnium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Mostly palladium metal is used in catalytic converters. In electronic industry it is used in ceramic capacitors of mobile and computer.
  • It is used in jewellery and dental fillings and crowns.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
Research Purposes  
Coinage, Bullion, Jewellery  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
-  
1,554.90 °C  
22
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
2,963.00 °C  
34
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Silver  
Luster
Unknown Luster  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
4.75  
9
Brinell Hardness
330.00 MPa  
38
320.00 MPa  
40
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa  
99+
121.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
3,070.00 m/s  
38
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.20  
99+
1.72  
25
Reflectivity
55.00 %  
27
84.00 %  
5
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Db  
Pd  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
10  
28
38  
1
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20  
5
2.20  
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.35  
22
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
2.20  
6
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.59  
25
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00  
99+
1.80  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
664.80 kJ/mol  
38
520.23 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,546.70 kJ/mol  
39
7,298.22 kJ/mol  
2
3rd Energy Level
2,378.40 kJ/mol  
99+
11,815.13 kJ/mol  
3
4th Energy Level
3,298.80 kJ/mol  
99+
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
4,305.20 kJ/mol  
99+
8,044.00 kJ/mol  
13
6th Energy Level
12,900.00 kJ/mol  
5
8,044.00 kJ/mol  
33
7th Energy level
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
27
8th Energy Level
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
27
9th Energy Level
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
24
10th Energy Level
8,830.00 kJ/mol  
22
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
28
11th Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
27
12th Energy Level
88,300.00 kJ/mol  
2
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
4,760.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,310.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
1,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
33,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
80,400.00 kJ/mol  
16
16th Energy Level
33,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
1,129.00 kJ/mol  
19
804.40 kJ/mol  
33
18th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,045.00 kJ/mol  
22
19th Energy Level
1,094.90 kJ/mol  
18
804.40 kJ/mol  
30
20th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.00 kJ/mol  
23
21st Energy Level
883.00 kJ/mol  
36
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
330.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.00 kJ/mol  
18
23rd Energy Level
1,150.00 kJ/mol  
33
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
528.30 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
14
25th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
12
26th Energy Level
579.80 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
12
27th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
11
28th Energy Level
1,150.00 kJ/mol  
3
804.40 kJ/mol  
17
29th Energy Level
1,094.00 kJ/mol  
5
804.40 kJ/mol  
16
30th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.00 kJ/mol  
12
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
1.99 g/amp-hr  
34
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
5.12 eV  
7
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
105  
13
46  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d3 7s2  
[Kr] 4d10  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Palladium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
105  
13
46  
99+
Number of Neutrons
157  
8
60  
99+
Number of Electrons
105  
13
46  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
137.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
149.00 pm  
37
139.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
0.00 pm  
99+
163.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
268.00 amu  
10
106.42 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
22.80 cm3/mol  
17
8.90 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Rutherfordium
  
Rhodium
  
Next Element
Seaborgium
  
Silver
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
33.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
-  
389.07 pm  
28
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.63  
14
1.56  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
29.30 g/cm3  
5
12.02 g/cm3  
31
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
29.30 g/cm3  
6
10.38 g/cm3  
38
Tensile Strength
0.10 MPa  
99+
550.00 MPa  
8
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
14
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
29
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
34.00 GPa  
22
44.00 GPa  
17
Bulk Modulus
39.00 GPa  
39
180.00 GPa  
9
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
121.00 GPa  
18
Poisson Ratio
0.39  
5
0.39  
5
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
39.00  
3
12.02  
33
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
18
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
27
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Conductor  
Resistivity
6.80 nΩ·m  
99+
105.40 nΩ·m  
29
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.10 106/cm Ω  
27
Electron Affinity
-  
54.23 kJ/mol  
21
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.24 J/(kg K)  
23
Molar Heat Capacity
29.30 J/mol·K  
11
25.98 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
71.80 W/m·K  
23
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
1,825.00 K  
26
Thermal Expansion
13.20 µm/(m·K)  
37
11.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
289.70 kJ/mol  
99+
376.60 kJ/mol  
28
Enthalpy of Fusion
-  
16.74 kJ/mol  
18
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
393.30 kJ/mol  
29
Standard Molar Entropy
55.00 J/mol.K  
34
37.60 J/mol.K  
99+
Summary >>
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