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Dubnium vs Gold

Dubnium
Gold
Gold vs Dubnium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Db  
Au  
Group Number
5  
13
11  
7
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
53850354  
14
7440575  
31
Space Group Name
-  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
166.00  
9
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • IUPAC allotted a temporary name to Dubnium metal as “ Unnilpentium”.
  • In the production of Dubnium, thermal gradient chromatography is used.
  
  • It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
  • It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
  • Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
  
Sources
Produced by Bombarding Am243 with Ne22, Synthetically Produced  
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research  
-  
Discovery
In 1968  
Before 6000 BCE  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
27
Abundance In Sun
-  
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
21
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
21
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Dubnium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
  • It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Research Purposes  
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
38
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.02 p.p.m.  
35
Physical
Melting Point
-  
1,064.43 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
2,807.00 °C  
37
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Gold  
Luster
Unknown Luster  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
2.50  
15
Brinell Hardness
330.00 MPa  
38
194.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa  
99+
216.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
2,030.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.20  
99+
0.47  
99+
Reflectivity
55.00 %  
27
95.00 %  
2
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Db  
Au  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
10  
28
36  
3
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20  
5
2.54  
2
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.50  
18
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.42  
19
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
1.87  
15
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.92  
7
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00  
99+
1.46  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
664.80 kJ/mol  
38
890.10 kJ/mol  
8
2nd Energy Level
1,546.70 kJ/mol  
39
1,980.00 kJ/mol  
12
3rd Energy Level
2,378.40 kJ/mol  
99+
2,856.00 kJ/mol  
33
4th Energy Level
3,298.80 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
4,305.20 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
6
6th Energy Level
12,900.00 kJ/mol  
5
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
24
7th Energy level
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
21
8th Energy Level
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,900.00 kJ/mol  
20
9th Energy Level
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
20
10th Energy Level
8,830.00 kJ/mol  
22
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
21
11th Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
19
12th Energy Level
88,300.00 kJ/mol  
2
8,900.00 kJ/mol  
39
13th Energy Level
4,760.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,900.00 kJ/mol  
14
14th Energy Level
1,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
33,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
89,000.00 kJ/mol  
7
16th Energy Level
33,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
1,129.00 kJ/mol  
19
890.10 kJ/mol  
25
18th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
14
19th Energy Level
1,094.90 kJ/mol  
18
890.10 kJ/mol  
23
20th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.00 kJ/mol  
13
21st Energy Level
883.00 kJ/mol  
36
890.10 kJ/mol  
35
22nd Energy Level
330.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.00 kJ/mol  
11
23rd Energy Level
1,150.00 kJ/mol  
33
890.10 kJ/mol  
38
24th Energy Level
528.30 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
6
25th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.00 kJ/mol  
5
26th Energy Level
579.80 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
5
27th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
4
28th Energy Level
1,150.00 kJ/mol  
3
890.10 kJ/mol  
7
29th Energy Level
1,094.00 kJ/mol  
5
890.10 kJ/mol  
8
30th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
5
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
2.45 g/amp-hr  
25
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
5.10 eV  
8
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
105  
13
79  
37
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d3 7s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
105  
13
79  
37
Number of Neutrons
157  
8
118  
24
Number of Electrons
105  
13
79  
37
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
151.00 pm  
34
Covalent Radius
149.00 pm  
37
144.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
0.00 pm  
99+
166.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
268.00 amu  
10
196.97 amu  
33
Atomic Volume
22.80 cm3/mol  
17
10.20 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Rutherfordium
  
Platinum
  
Next Element
Seaborgium
  
Mercury
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
43.40 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
-  
407.82 pm  
24
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.63  
14
1.61  
18
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
29.30 g/cm3  
5
19.30 g/cm3  
15
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
29.30 g/cm3  
6
17.31 g/cm3  
16
Tensile Strength
0.10 MPa  
99+
120.00 MPa  
27
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
23
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
25
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
67.00 (Pa)  
4
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
34.00 GPa  
22
27.00 GPa  
34
Bulk Modulus
39.00 GPa  
39
180.00 GPa  
9
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
79.00 GPa  
26
Poisson Ratio
0.39  
5
0.40  
4
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
39.00  
3
19.32  
17
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
10
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
22
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Conductor  
Resistivity
6.80 nΩ·m  
99+
2.20 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.45 106/cm Ω  
3
Electron Affinity
-  
222.80 kJ/mol  
1
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
29.30 J/mol·K  
11
25.42 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
318.00 W/m·K  
3
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
1,337.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
13.20 µm/(m·K)  
37
14.20 µm/(m·K)  
29
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
289.70 kJ/mol  
99+
324.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
-  
12.55 kJ/mol  
33
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
364.00 kJ/mol  
34
Standard Molar Entropy
55.00 J/mol.K  
34
47.40 J/mol.K  
99+
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