Er Element

Erbium

Periodic Table

Symbol

Group Number

3 15

Period Number

6 2

Block

f block

Element Family

Lanthanide

CAS Number

7440520 35

Space Group Name

P63/mmc

Space Group Number

194.00 7

Facts

Interesting Facts

Erbium metal is used as alloyed with Vanadium to make it softer.

Recent studies shows that it is helpful for metabolism.

Sources

Mining

History

Who Discovered

Carl Gustaf Mosander

Discovery

In 1842

Abundance

Abundance In Universe

0.00 % 23

Abundance In Sun

0.00 % 26

Abundance In Meteorites

0.00 % 36

Abundance In Earth's Crust

0.00 % 32

Abundance In Oceans

0.00 % 36

Abundance In Humans

0.00 % 24

Uses

Uses & Benefits

It has a tendency to get tarnished in the open air, but when alloyed with elements like erbium, vanadium, its hardness levels decreases.
Its compounds like Erbium oxide is used in safety glasses of welders and metal workers.

Industrial Uses

Chemical Industry

Medical Uses

Other Uses

Alloys

Biological Properties

Toxicity

Mildly Toxic

Present in Human Body

In Blood

0.00 Blood/mg dm-3 40

In Bone

0.00 p.p.m. 41

Physical

Melting Point

1,522.00 °C 28

Boiling Point

2,510.00 °C 46

Appearance

Physical State

Solid

Color

Silvery White

Luster

Lustrous

Hardness

Mohs Hardness

1.00 22

Brinell Hardness

814.00 MPa 12

Vickers Hardness

589.00 MPa 30

Speed of Sound

2,830.00 m/s 41

Optical Properties

Refractive Index

1.76 24

Reflectivity

36.00 % 33

Allotropes

α Allotropes

β Allotropes

γ Allotropes

Chemical

Chemical Formula

Isotopes

Known Isotopes

31 8

Electronegativity

Pauling Electronegativity

1.24 37

Sanderson Electronegativity

1.24 29

Allred Rochow Electronegativity

1.11 30

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

1.24 36

Allen Electronegativity

1.24 45

Electropositivity

Pauling Electropositivity

2.76 18

Ionization Energies

1st Energy Level

589.30 kJ/mol 59

2nd Energy Level

1,150.00 kJ/mol 69

3rd Energy Level

2,194.00 kJ/mol 68

4th Energy Level

4,120.00 kJ/mol 43

5th Energy Level

5,897.00 kJ/mol 50

6th Energy Level

5,897.00 kJ/mol 63

7th Energy level

5,890.00 kJ/mol 56

8th Energy Level

5,890.00 kJ/mol 54

9th Energy Level

4,240.00 kJ/mol 81

10th Energy Level

5,890.00 kJ/mol 54

11th Energy Level

5,890.00 kJ/mol 59

12th Energy Level

5,890.00 kJ/mol 62

13th Energy Level

5,890.00 kJ/mol 48

14th Energy Level

5,890.00 kJ/mol 37

15th Energy Level

58,900.00 kJ/mol 49

16th Energy Level

58,900.00 kJ/mol 38

17th Energy Level

589.30 kJ/mol 60

18th Energy Level

5,890.00 kJ/mol 51

19th Energy Level

589.30 kJ/mol 58

20th Energy Level

589.00 kJ/mol 54

21st Energy Level

5,897.00 kJ/mol 19

22nd Energy Level

589.00 kJ/mol 49

23rd Energy Level

589.30 kJ/mol 67

24th Energy Level

589.30 kJ/mol 51

25th Energy Level

589.00 kJ/mol 53

26th Energy Level

589.30 kJ/mol 54

27th Energy Level

589.30 kJ/mol 54

28th Energy Level

589.30 kJ/mol 58

29th Energy Level

589.30 kJ/mol 59

30th Energy Level

589.70 kJ/mol 55

Electrochemical Equivalent

2.08 g/amp-hr 32

Electron Work Function

5.93 eV 2

Other Chemical Properties

Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility

Atomic

Atomic Number

68 48

Electron Configuration

[Xe] 4f¹² 6s²

Crystal Structure

Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)

Crystal Lattice

HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Erbium.jpg#100

Atom

Number of Protons

68 47

Number of Neutrons

99 34

Number of Electrons

68 47

Radius of an Atom

Atomic Radius

176.00 pm 20

Covalent Radius

189.00 pm 19

Van der Waals Radius

0.00 pm 53

Atomic Weight

167.26 amu 43

Atomic Volume

18.40 cm3/mol 37

Adjacent Atomic Numbers

Previous Element

Next Element

Valence Electron Potential

49.00 (-eV) 30

Lattice Constant

355.88 pm 43

Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

Lattice C/A Ratio

1.57 40

Mechanical

Density

Density At Room Temperature

9.07 g/cm³ 47

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

8.86 g/cm3 48

Tensile Strength

350.00 MPa 12

Viscosity

0.00 25

Vapor Pressure

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

0.00 (Pa) 21

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

0.00 (Pa) 30

Elasticity properties

Shear Modulus

28.30 GPa 31

Bulk Modulus

44.40 GPa 31

Young's Modulus

69.90 GPa 31

Poisson Ratio

0.24 28

Other Mechanical Properties

Malleable

Magnetic

Magnetic Characteristics

Specific Gravity

9.07 47

Magnetic Ordering

Paramagnetic

Permeability

0.00 H/m 17

Susceptibility

0.00 11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Property

Conductor

Resistivity

0.86 nΩ·m 75

Electrical Conductivity

0.01 10⁶/cm Ω 58

Electron Affinity

50.00 kJ/mol 26

Thermal

Specific Heat

0.17 J/(kg K) 35

Molar Heat Capacity

28.12 J/mol·K 14

Thermal Conductivity

14.50 W/m·K 56

Critical Temperature

1,802.00 K 30

Thermal Expansion

12.20 µm/(m·K) 42

Enthalpy

Enthalpy of Vaporization

261.00 kJ/mol 56

Enthalpy of Fusion

17.20 kJ/mol 15

Enthalpy of Atomization

314.00 kJ/mol 44

Standard Molar Entropy

73.10 J/mol.K 11

Summary >>

<< Thermal

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