Fermium Bismuth Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Fm
Bi
Group Number
Not Available
15
3
Period Number
7
6
Block
f block
p block
Element Family
Actinide
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7440724
19
7440699
22
Space Group Name
Not Available
C12/m1
Space Group Number
Not Available
12.00
12
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
- Fermium is synthetically produced metal.
- Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
- It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
Sources
Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Claude François Geoffroy
Discovery
In 1952
In 1753
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
7 * 10-8 %
25
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.000006 %
14
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.
- Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
Industrial Uses
NA
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Pharmaceutical Industry
Other Uses
NA
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Unknown
Low Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3
20
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
0.20 p.p.m.
22
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,527.00 °C
26
271.30 °C
99+
Boiling Point
Not Available
1,560.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Unknown
Silver
Luster
Not Defined
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
2.25
15
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
70.00 MPa
99+
Speed of Sound
Not Available
1,790.00 m/s
99+
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Fm
Bi
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
18
21
33
6
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30
32
2.02
6
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
2.34
3
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20
27
1.67
6
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
2.15
4
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
2.01
4
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70
22
1.98
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol
99+
703.00 kJ/mol
35
2nd Energy Level
1,225.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,610.00 kJ/mol
33
3rd Energy Level
2,363.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,466.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
3,792.00 kJ/mol
99+
4,370.00 kJ/mol
28
5th Energy Level
Not Available
5,400.00 kJ/mol
30
6th Energy Level
Not Available
8,520.00 kJ/mol
19
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.20 g/amp-hr
13
2.60 g/amp-hr
19
Electron Work Function
Not Available
4.22 eV
22
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
100
18
83
33
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f12 7s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
Crystal Structure
Not Known
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Crystal Lattice
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Fermium.jpg#100
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
100
18
83
33
Number of Neutrons
157
7
126
18
Number of Electrons
100
18
83
33
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
Not Available
156.00 pm
29
Covalent Radius
Not Available
148.00 pm
36
Van der Waals Radius
245.00 pm
9
207.00 pm
26
Atomic Weight
257.00 amu
15
208.98 amu
29
Atomic Volume
Not Available
21.30 cm3/mol
14
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
Not Available
41.90 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
Not Available
667.40 pm
2
Lattice Angles
NA
NA
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
Not Available
9.78 g/cm3
39
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
10.05 g/cm3
18
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
12.00 GPa
99+
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
31.00 GPa
38
Young's Modulus
Not Available
32.00 GPa
99+
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.33
11
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
Not Available
9.79
30
Magnetic Ordering
Unknown
Diamagnetic
Permeability
Not Available
0.00 H/m
6
Susceptibility
Not Available
0.00
6
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Unknown
Semiconductor
Resistivity
Not Available
1.29 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available
91.20 kJ/mol
11
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
Not Available
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
25.52 J/mol·K
37
Thermal Conductivity
Not Available
7.97 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
13.40 µm/(m·K)
28
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
151.00 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
10.90 kJ/mol
33
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available
207.10 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
56.70 J/mol.K
24
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