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Fermium vs Manganese

Fermium
Manganese
Manganese vs Fermium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Fm  
Mn  
Group Number
3  
15
7  
11
Period Number
7  
4  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440724  
19
7439965  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
I_ 43m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
217.00  
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
  • Fermium is synthetically produced metal.
  
  • Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
  • Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
  
Sources
Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Johann Gottlieb Gahn  
Discovery
In 1952  
In 1774  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
35
0.00 %  
9
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
8
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.27 %  
8
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.11 %  
8
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
13
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
15
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
  • Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3  
14
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
100.00 p.p.m.  
8
Physical
Melting Point
1,527.00 °C  
26
1,245.00 °C  
37
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
1,962.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Silver  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
500.00 MPa  
28
196.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
600.00 MPa  
28
196.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,500.00 m/s  
99+
5,150.00 m/s  
11
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
2.00  
15
Reflectivity
59.00 %  
24
70.00 %  
13
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Fm  
Mn  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
18  
21
21  
18
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.55  
26
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.60  
10
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.55  
23
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.75  
18
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
2.45  
29
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
717.30 kJ/mol  
30
2nd Energy Level
1,225.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,509.00 kJ/mol  
40
3rd Energy Level
2,363.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,248.00 kJ/mol  
21
4th Energy Level
3,792.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,940.00 kJ/mol  
30
5th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
39
6,990.00 kJ/mol  
29
6th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9,220.00 kJ/mol  
22
7th Energy level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11,500.00 kJ/mol  
16
8th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18,770.00 kJ/mol  
5
9th Energy Level
7,040.00 kJ/mol  
33
21,400.00 kJ/mol  
6
10th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23,960.00 kJ/mol  
9
11th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
27,590.00 kJ/mol  
10
12th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
10
30,330.00 kJ/mol  
32
13th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
38
33,150.00 kJ/mol  
11
14th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
27
38,880.00 kJ/mol  
10
15th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
38
41,987.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
109,480.00 kJ/mol  
1
17th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
118,100.00 kJ/mol  
2
18th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
40
127,100.00 kJ/mol  
3
19th Energy Level
994.80 kJ/mol  
21
138,600.00 kJ/mol  
4
20th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
148,500.00 kJ/mol  
6
21st Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
158,600.00 kJ/mol  
6
22nd Energy Level
345.00 kJ/mol  
99+
172,500.00 kJ/mol  
5
23rd Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
14
181,380.00 kJ/mol  
5
24th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
38
650.90 kJ/mol  
34
25th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
40
717.30 kJ/mol  
24
26th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
39
650.90 kJ/mol  
35
27th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
650.90 kJ/mol  
36
28th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
650.90 kJ/mol  
38
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.20 g/amp-hr  
15
0.29 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.47 eV  
21
4.10 eV  
32
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
100  
18
25  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f12 7s2  
[Ar] 3d5 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Not Known  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Fermium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
100  
18
25  
99+
Number of Neutrons
157  
8
30  
99+
Number of Electrons
100  
18
25  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm  
16
127.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
180.00 pm  
23
139.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
245.00 pm  
13
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
257.00 amu  
15
54.94 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
18.00 cm3/mol  
99+
1.39 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Einsteinium
  
Chromium
  
Next Element
Mendelevium
  
Iron
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
220.00 (-eV)  
2
Lattice Constant
350.00 pm  
99+
891.25 pm  
1
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.63  
13
1.55  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
7.21 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
5.95 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
0.10 MPa  
99+
370.00 MPa  
11
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
2
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
12
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa  
27
40.00 GPa  
19
Bulk Modulus
50.00 GPa  
24
120.00 GPa  
14
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
198.00 GPa  
13
Poisson Ratio
0.35  
9
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.70  
99+
7.21  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
7
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
12
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Conductor  
Resistivity
7.90 nΩ·m  
99+
1.44 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.48 J/(kg K)  
11
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
26.32 J/mol·K  
37
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
7.81 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
1,519.00 K  
40
Thermal Expansion
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
21.70 µm/(m·K)  
22
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
319.20 kJ/mol  
99+
219.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
13.30 kJ/mol  
30
14.64 kJ/mol  
25
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
280.30 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
50.00 J/mol.K  
99+
32.00 J/mol.K  
99+
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