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Manganese vs Fermium

Manganese
Fermium
Fermium vs Manganese


Periodic Table
Symbol
Mn  
Fm  
Group Number
7  
11
3  
15
Period Number
4  
7  
Block
d block  
f block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7439965  
99+
7440724  
19
Space Group Name
I_ 43m  
-  
Space Group Number
217.00  
5
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
  • Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
  
  • Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
  • Fermium is synthetically produced metal.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Johann Gottlieb Gahn  
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Discovery
In 1774  
In 1952  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
9
0.00 %  
35
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
8
0.00 %  
30
Abundance In Meteorites
0.27 %  
8
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.11 %  
8
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
13
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
15
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
  • Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
  
  • Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3  
14
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
100.00 p.p.m.  
8
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,245.00 °C  
37
1,527.00 °C  
26
Boiling Point
1,962.00 °C  
99+
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
196.00 MPa  
99+
500.00 MPa  
28
Vickers Hardness
196.00 MPa  
99+
600.00 MPa  
28
Speed of Sound
5,150.00 m/s  
11
2,500.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.00  
15
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
70.00 %  
13
59.00 %  
24
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Mn  
Fm  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
21  
18
18  
21
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.55  
26
1.30  
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20  
8
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.60  
10
1.20  
28
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.55  
23
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
1.75  
18
1.30  
40
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.45  
29
2.70  
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
717.30 kJ/mol  
30
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,509.00 kJ/mol  
40
1,225.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,248.00 kJ/mol  
21
2,363.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
4,940.00 kJ/mol  
30
3,792.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
6,990.00 kJ/mol  
29
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
39
6th Energy Level
9,220.00 kJ/mol  
22
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
11,500.00 kJ/mol  
16
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
18,770.00 kJ/mol  
5
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
21,400.00 kJ/mol  
6
7,040.00 kJ/mol  
33
10th Energy Level
23,960.00 kJ/mol  
9
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
27,590.00 kJ/mol  
10
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
30,330.00 kJ/mol  
32
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
10
13th Energy Level
33,150.00 kJ/mol  
11
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
38
14th Energy Level
38,880.00 kJ/mol  
10
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
27
15th Energy Level
41,987.00 kJ/mol  
99+
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
38
16th Energy Level
109,480.00 kJ/mol  
1
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
17th Energy Level
118,100.00 kJ/mol  
2
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
127,100.00 kJ/mol  
3
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
40
19th Energy Level
138,600.00 kJ/mol  
4
994.80 kJ/mol  
21
20th Energy Level
148,500.00 kJ/mol  
6
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
158,600.00 kJ/mol  
6
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
172,500.00 kJ/mol  
5
345.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
181,380.00 kJ/mol  
5
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
14
24th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
34
627.60 kJ/mol  
38
25th Energy Level
717.30 kJ/mol  
24
627.00 kJ/mol  
40
26th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
35
627.60 kJ/mol  
39
27th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
36
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
38
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.29 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.20 g/amp-hr  
15
Electron Work Function
4.10 eV  
32
4.47 eV  
21
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
25  
99+
100  
18
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d5 4s2  
[Rn] 5f12 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Not Known  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Fermium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
25  
99+
100  
18
Number of Neutrons
30  
99+
157  
8
Number of Electrons
25  
99+
100  
18
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
127.00 pm  
99+
180.00 pm  
16
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
180.00 pm  
23
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
245.00 pm  
13
Atomic Weight
54.94 amu  
99+
257.00 amu  
15
Atomic Volume
1.39 cm3/mol  
99+
18.00 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Chromium
  
Einsteinium
  
Next Element
Iron
  
Mendelevium
  
Valence Electron Potential
220.00 (-eV)  
2
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
891.25 pm  
1
350.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.55  
99+
1.63  
13
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.21 g/cm3  
99+
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.95 g/cm3  
99+
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
370.00 MPa  
11
0.10 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
2
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
12
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
40.00 GPa  
19
30.00 GPa  
27
Bulk Modulus
120.00 GPa  
14
50.00 GPa  
24
Young's Modulus
198.00 GPa  
13
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.30  
14
0.35  
9
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.21  
99+
9.70  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
7
0.00 H/m  
16
Susceptibility
0.00  
12
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
1.44 nΩ·m  
99+
7.90 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.48 J/(kg K)  
11
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
26.32 J/mol·K  
37
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
Thermal Conductivity
7.81 W/m·K  
99+
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,519.00 K  
40
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
21.70 µm/(m·K)  
22
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
219.70 kJ/mol  
99+
319.20 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.64 kJ/mol  
25
13.30 kJ/mol  
30
Enthalpy of Atomization
280.30 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
32.00 J/mol.K  
99+
50.00 J/mol.K  
99+
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